Key Terms Flashcards
Acid
An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions, H +(aq), when dissolved in water. The higher the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution, the lower the pH.
Alkali
An alkali is a substance that produces hydroxide ions, OH -(aq), when dissolved in water.
Base
A substance that reacts with an acid to form a salt and acid. It is insoluble
pH scale
Used to specify the acidity of a solution
Neutralisation
The reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and other products
Indicator
A coloured solution used to determin changes in properties visually
Strong acid
Strong acids are acids which completely ionise in aqueous solution. This means that all of the acid molecules lose a H+ ion completely. Weak acids. Weak acids are acids which partly ionise in aqueous solution.
Weak acid
Weak acids are only partially ionised. If an acid is weak, that means it will be partially ionised in an aqueous solution. Only some particles dissociate to release H+ ions, meaning this reaction is a reversible reaction. Weak acids are carbonic acid, citric acid and ethanoic acid.
Concentrated acid
Concentrated acids have little to no water molecules mixed with the acid molecules, meaning the concentration of H + ions is high.
Dilute acid
A dilute acid has the acid molecules mixed with a large amount of water, so that there is only a low concentration of H + ions.
Formulation
A mixture that has been designed for a specific purpose.
Compound
A pure substance made up of two or more elements chemically bonded. Cannot be easily seperated
Mixture
A impure substance made of of two or more substaances not chemically bonded. Can be seperated by physical processes
