Key Terms Flashcards
What is chronological age?
the age that correlates with birthdate.
What is functional age?
the perceived age based on your physical function
what is ageism? How is it seen?
describes the negative perception of older adults within society and is seen in three domains.
reinforcing stereotypes
portraying a negative attitude towards older adults
implementing unfair treatment as a result of age.
What is physical activity?
any movement that results in energy expenditure. can be standing, raising hand, gardening.
What is exercise?
planned exercise with a goal attached.
What is sport?
Structured activity that has rules and a competitive aspect.
What is physical function?
The ability to perform activities of daily living as normally expected according to a person’s age in order to live independently.
What is physical function also known as?
disability, physical limitation, physical performance, physical capacity, functional status/independence, and physical ability/disability.
What is frailty?
distinctive health state related to the aging process in which multiple body systems gradually lose their build in reserves.
no set definition. variables are considered to make diagnosis: disability, comorbidity, falls, hospitalizations, advanced age
What symptoms suggest a state of frailty?
falls, mobility issues, delirium, incontinence, unintentional weight loss, reduced muscle growth, reduced gait speed, self-reported exhaustion, low energy expenditure. AGE.
What is population aging? How is determined?
a process whereby populations transform from a younger to older age structure and the proportion this is of older age increases.
fertility and mortality.
what is a demographic transition?
a way to describe or model shifts in population dynamics that have already occurred in some parts of the world or are predicted to occur in others.
what is lifespan?
the maximum potential of the human species, or how long it is theoretically possible for a person to live.
what is longevity?
the number of years a person in a particular society or country can expect to live.
what is life expectancy?
average number of years lived by a population given a particular level of mortality; or
number of years an individual can expect to live, using age-specific mortality rates to assess the probability of dying at any age.
what is compression of morbidity?
as time goes on the years of life expected to be lived with morbidity or disability becomes compressed into the very end of life. This decreases the proportion of life lived in unhealthy states.
What is the expansion of morbidity?
suggests that despite medical science allowed longer lives, it has not done much regarding experience living with disease.
What is walking cadence?
the measure of how many steps are taken per minute, which is relative to a person’s walking speed.
what is sedentary behaviour?
any activity done at an energy expenditure of less than 1.5 METs in a sitting or reclining position.
What is the recommended duration of PA for OA?
150-300 mins of moderate aerobic activity per week.
What is the recommended intensity for PA for OA?
varies per person dependent on chronic conditions
What are recommendations for progression ?
initiations of PA program should be 4-6weeks, adequate for light to moderate or vigorous bouts of PA.
follow up of 4-6 weeks to achieve comfortable maintenance level.
individual variability in OA fitness levels dictate rate of progression.
what is senescence?
the gradual deterioration as a function of age.
What is fat free mass?
anything that isn’t fat in the body: muscles, organs, water, bones, connective tissue
what is hypertrophy?
muscle growth caused by repetitive stress and recovery
what is atrophy?
the loss of muscle mass due to rate of protein degradation being faster than synthesis
what is osteopenia?
a BMD between 1 and 2.5 SD
what is osteoporosis?
BMD greater than 2.5 SD
what is obesity?
those with a high percentage of body weight and a BMI over 30.
what is sarcopenia?
the reduction of skeletal muscle mass and strength that is 2 SD below the muscle mass of an individual 20-30yrs
