Aging, Physical Health, and Physical Activity Flashcards
define aging:
complicated process: characterized by progressive decline in physical and mental function.
leads to loss of function, increased susceptibility to disease, and ultimately death.
what is considered successful aging?
decreased likelihood of acquiring disease, maintenance of functional capacity, and active participation in life events.
what is considered your true age in years?
chronological age
what is considered your perceived age based on physical function?
functional age
what is ageism?
a term used to describe the negative perception of older adults within society
what areas are ageism often applied?
reinforcing stereotypes
portraying negative attitudes towards older adults
implementing unfair treatment as a result of age
what is considered physical activity?
any movement resulting in energy expenditure. ex. standing, raising hand, gardening.
what is considered exercise?
planned fitness with an outcome
what is sport?
exercise that has rules and a competitive aspect
what common conditions are associated with aging?
vision impairment and hearing.
how is vision associated with aging?
declines by ~40yrs, proper assessment helps decrease risk of falls.
OA with eye diseases are 3x more likely to limit activities for fear of falling.
ex. glaucoma, cataracts
how is hearing associated with aging?
~30% people over 65 experience hearing loss, men are more likely than women, decline in hearing associated with reduction in quality of life.
what are the 3 types of hearing aids?
behind the ear- mild cases
in the ear- mild to severe cases
canal- fitted inside canal- mild to moderately severe
how does PA reduce risk of chronic conditions/death?
adherence to PA guidelines associated with:
27% lower all-cause mortality among those without existing conditions,
46% lower all-cause mortality among those with chronic comorbidities.
what has been shown to have a stronger influence on mortality than genetics?
lifestyle
What is unregulated growth of cells that invade tissues of body organs and may spread to other parts of the body?
cancer
what are symptoms of cancer?
severe fatigue, changes in appetite, nausea, neurological changes such as headaches, seizures, and vision.
what group of disorders affect the heart and blood vessels?
Cardiovascular disease
what are some examples of CVD?
hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, periopheral vascular disease
What are main risk factors for CVD?
poor diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and alcohol use.
what does a comprehensive/ holistic understanding of health imply?
all systems and structures which govern social and economic conditions and the physical/built environment should take account of the implications on individual and collective health and well-being.
what are prevalent conditions associated with aging and what are the physiological changes that occur with them?
sarcopenia/mobility issues-low muscle mass,
osteoporosis/osteoarthritis- decreased BMD,
obesity/osteoarthritis- increased fat mass,
dynapenia/mobility issues- decreased muscle strength CVD- increased BP,
COPD- lung capacity,
diabetes- increased insulin resistance.
what are the leading global risks for mortality?
high BP
tobacco use
high blood glucose
physical inactivity
overweight/obesity
what is the leading cause of death?
Cancer, followed by CVD
At what age does heart disease become the leading cause of death?
85+
What amount of change in your fitness level, measured in METs, is required to reduce the risk of dying?
an increase of 1 MET in estimated fitness level
At what life stage is cancer typically not diagnosed?
0-4 years old
