key terminology - not set studies Flashcards
Define an action
What a dancer does (Movement they do)
Define spacing
The ‘where’ of movements
Define dynamics
The qualities of movement based upon variations in speed, strength and flow
Define relationships
The ways in which dancers interact; the connections between dancers
Define structure
They way in which material is organised to create the whole
Define choreographic devices
Methods used to develop and vary material
Define aural setting
An audible accompaniment to the dance such as music, words, songs and natural sound (or silence)
Define performance environments
Different settings for dance such as in-the-round, proscenium and site sensitive
List actions
Travel, turn, elevation, gesture, stillness, use of different body parts, floor work and transfer of weight
List spacings
Pathways, levels, directions, size of movement, patterns, spatial design
List dynamics
Fast/slow sudden/sustained acceleration/deceleration strong/light direct/indirect flowing/abrubt
List relationships
Lead and follow mirroring action and reaction accumulation complement and contrast counterpoint contact formations
List structures
binary ternary rondo narrative episodic beginning/middle/end unity logical sequence
List choreographic devices
Motif and development,
List aural setting
song instrumental orchestral spoken word silence natural sound found sound body percussion
List performance environments
proscenium arch
end stage
site-sensitive
in-the-round
What is binary structure
2 part structure with theme a and theme b that share quality (tempo, movement) or character -AB
What is ternary structure
3 part with 2nd section contrasting 1st and 3rd ABA
What is Rondo structure
3 ore more themes with an alternating return to the main theme ABACADA
What is narrative structure
Follows a specific story line and intends to convey specific information through that story
What is episodic structure
x
What is unity structure
x
Define accessory
an additional item of costume, for example- gloves
Define actions
what a dancer does eg- travelling, turning, elevation, gesture, stillness, use of body parts, floor-work and transference of weight
Define acceleration
speeding up the movement
Define accompaniment
The sound that you hear during a dance eg- percussion
Define accumulation
When a dancer performs a series of movements and others join in at different times until all perform in unison
Define air pattern
a design that is traced in the air by part of the body
Define alignment
correct placement of body parts in relation to each other
Define appreciation
recognition and understanding of qualities of dance
Define artistic intention
the aim of a dance; what the choreographer aims to communicate
Define artistry
creative skill
Define auditory
relating to sound
Define aural setting
an audible accompaniment to the dance such as music, words, song and natural sound (or silence)
Define balance
A steady or held position achieved by an even distribution of weight
Define binary
a composition in 2 parts or sections
Define canon
when the same movements overlap in time
Define choreographic approach
the way in which a choreographer makes the dance
Define choreographic intention
the aim of the dance; what the choreographer aims to communicate
Define choreographic processes
Activities involved in creating dance such as improvisation, selection and development
Define choreography
The art of creating dance
Define climax
The most significant moment of the dance
Define narrative
Dance that tells a story
Define pathways
designs traced in space (on the floor or in the air)
Define performance
the presentation of dance to an audience
Define performance (personal)
acquisition and development of physical and expressive skills
Define performance environments
different settings for dance such as in-the-round, proscenium and site sensitive
Define phrase
a short sequence of linked movements
Define phrasing
the way in which the energy is distributed in the execution of a movement phrase
Define physical skills
aspects enabling effective performance such as posture, alignment, balance, coordination, control, flexibility, mobility, strength, stamina, extension and isolation
Define posture
the way the body is held
Define professional work
original choreography by an individual or company that is recognised nationally or internationally
Define projection
The energy the dancer uses to connect with and draw in the audience
Define prop/propery
a portable object that is used in dance, for example a suitcase
Define proscenium
the arch or opening that creates the effect of a picture frame and separates the stage from the auditorium
Define rehearsal discipline
attributes and skills required for refining performance such as commitment, systematic repetition, teamwork, responsibility and effective use of time
Define repetition
performing the same action or phrase again
Define relationships
the ways in which dancers interact; the connections between dancers
Define retrograde
reversing a movement phrase
Define rhythmic content
repeated patterns of sound or movement
Define rondo
a music of dance form with altering and repeating sections eg- verse and chorus
Define safe execution
carrying out actions safely
Define safe working practice
personal care, respect for others, safe execution and preparation and recovery from dancing
Define sensitivity to other dancers
awareness of and connection to other dancers
Define site sensitive
dances that are designed for (or relate to) non-theatre spaces
Define spatial awareness
consciousness of the surrounding space and its effective use
Define staging/set
the presentation of dance in the performing space including set, furniture, props, projection and back drop
Define stamina
ability to maintain physical and mental energy over periods of time
Define strength
muscular power
Define structuring devices
the ways in which a dance is made, built, ordered or organised
Define style
characteristic way of dancing
Define style fusion
the combination of features of 2 or more styles
Define tactile
relating to the sense of touch
Define technical skills
these include accuracy of action, timing, dynamic, rhythmic and spatial content and the reproduction of movement in a stylistically accurate way
Define ternary
A composition in 3 parts
Define timing
the use of time or counts when matching movements to sound and or other dancers
Define transitions
links between dance phrases or sections
Define types of music
genres of music including orchestral, electronic, percussion, vocal and found sound
Define unison
two or more dancers performing the same movement at the same time
Define unity
a sense of wholeness of harmony
Define visual
relating to sight
Define levels
distance from the ground; low, medium or high
Define lighting
the illumination of the performance area
Define logical sequence
the flow of phrases or sections of a dance
Define manipulation of number
how the number of dancers in a group is used
Define mental rehearsal
thinking through or visualising the dance
Define mental skills
these include commitment, concentration, confidence, movement memory, systematic repetition, mental rehearsal , rehearsal discipline, planning of rehearsal, response to feedback and capacity to improve
Define mobility
the range of movement in a joint; the ability to move fluently from action to action
Define motif
a movement phrase encapsulating an idea that is repeated and developed throughout the dance
Define motif development
ways in which a movement phrase can be varied
Define movement material
the matter of dance; actions, space, dynamics and relationships - RADS
Define musicality
the ability to make the unique qualities of the accompaniment evident in performance
Define flexibility
The range of movement in the joints (involving muscled, tendons and ligaments)
Define focus (use of)
use of the eyes to enhance performance or interpretative qualities
Define form
the overall shape and structure of a dance
Define formations
shapes or patterns created in space by dancers
Define fragmentation
use of parts of a phrase or motif
Define highlights
important moments of a dance
Define ideational
relating to ideas or concepts
Define improvisation
exploration or generation of movements without planning
Define in-the-round
a performing area with the audience seated on all sides
Define intention
aim or dersired outcome
Define interpretation
finding the meaning that is in the movement or finding the movement that is in the idea
Define isolation
an independent movement of part of the body
Define kinaesthetic
sensory perception (or awareness) of movement and position
Define deceleration
slowing down the movement
Define development
the way in which movement material is manipulated
Define direction
the facing of a movement
Define dynamics
the qualities of movement based upon variations in speed, strength and flow
Define elements of dance
actions, space, dynamics and relationships - RADS
Define elevation
the action of ‘going up’ without support, such as in a jump
Define end-stage
a performance space with the audience on one side; also known as end-on
Define episodic
a choreography with several sections, linked by a theme
Define execution
carrying out actions with the required intention
Define expressive skills
aspects that contribute to performance artistry and that engage the audience, such as focus and musicality
Define extension
lengthening one or more muscles or limbs
Define facial expression
use of the face to show mood, feeling or character
Define features of production
lighting, set, properties, costume and aural setting
Define complementary
perform actions or shapes that are similar to but not exactly the same as another dancers
Define constituent features
characteristics of choreography such as style, stimulus, subject matter, number/gender of dancers, action content, choreographic principles, form and structure, physical and aural settings
Define contrast
movements or shapes that have nothing in common
Define control
the ability to start and stop movement, change direction and hold a shape efficiently
Define coordination
the efficient combination of body parts
Define costume
clothing worn by dancers in performance
Define counterpoint
when dancers perform different phrases simultaneously
Define critical appreciation
evaluation of dance based upon knowledge and understanding, including original insights
Define dance film
where dance and film are both integral to a work; this includes documentary, animation, dance for camera and a screen adaption of a stage work.
Define dance for camera
where the choreographer collaborates with (or is) the film-maker; where the intention is to produce a dance work in a multi-media form that cannot be achieved in live performance
Define dancewear
what the dancer wears for class and rehearsal
Describe the importance of alignment
Helps improve posture
allows you to perform actions safely
makes your performance look effortless/impressive
Describe the importance of balance
Allows you to perform safely
allows you to perform complex or demanding actions
enables you to hold key movements
Describe the importance of coordination
enables you to perform safely
you can perform technically demanding choreography
makes performance look effortless
Describe the importance of control
enables you to perform safely
you can perform technically demanding choreography
makes performance look effortless
Describe the importance of flexibility
allows dancers to perform technically demanding moves
makes performance look effortless
Describe the importance of posture
reduces risk of injury/puts less stress on joints
improves balance
Describe the importance of strength
allows more control over your body
can perform more technically demanding motifs
allows for movements to be performed safely
Describe the importance of stamina
allows you to perform for longer periods of time
Describe the importance of extension
to allow you to create pleasing lines through your body
Describe the importance of isolation
allows you to replicate the dance style accurately
How could you improve your alignment
Stretches- hold stretches which get progressively more difficult and for an increased amount of time eg- splits- jazz splits, full splits, raised leg on platform in splits.
Mirrors- to check alignment and modify accordingly eg- is my back leg straight and horizontal in an arabesqu
How could you improve your balance
practice holding positions for increased amounts of time ie- 10 seconds- 20 seconds- 1 min
develop strength eg- squats to improve your leg strength to help you hold an arabesque, sit ups to develop core strength (Must increase duration and intensity of sit up to see improvement over time)
How could you improve your coordination
breakdown movements slowly and gradually perform quicker
systematic rehearsal to train your movement memory/body to perform movements
mental rehearsal- imagine yourself performing the actions successfully
How could you improve your control
strength- develop strength through specific exercises eg- sit ups for core strength/ press ups for arm strength (must increase duration and intensity of sit up to see improvements over time)
How could you improve your flexibility
Stretches- hold stretches which get progressively more difficult and for an increased amount of time eg- splits- jazz splits, full splits, raised leg on platform in splts
How could you improve your posture
Develop core strength- sit ups to prevent hyper extension (must increase duration and intensity of sit up to see improvements over time)
yoga/stretches- allows you to extend your posture and create clean lines
Using mirrors to check and correct posture when performing
How could you improve your strength
through specific exercises eg- sit ups for core strength, press ups for arm strength (must increase duration and intensity of sit up to see improvements over time)
How could you improve your stamina
Through CV exercises such as running, training at the gym. This type of exercise must increase in duration and speed overtime to ensure fitness improves
How could you improve your extensions
Stretches
Mirrors- check alignment and modify accordingly eg- is my back leg straight and horizontal in arabesque
How could you improve your isolation
perform simple isolation’s first and build up to more complex sequences
strength exercises- give you more muscular control to move body parts independently eg- sit ups for arm strength
