Key Stuff

Question 1

deindustrialisation

Answer 1

decreasing importance of primary/secondary sector, and the economy shifts towards tertiary and quaternary sector

Question 2

NIDL (new int division of labour)

Answer 2

recently emerged breakdown of tasks that can be performed by diff groups of people
new: emerged recently
int: across countries in global production network
DoL: work split up in tasks/function efficiently

Question 3

offshoring vs outsourcing

Answer 3

offshoring - buying land in a diff country and relocating, making own stuff there
outsourcing - employing 3rd party people to do jobs

Question 4

subsistence farming

Answer 4

the most basic type of agri, where produce is consumed mainly by he family who produces it.

Question 5

factors causing development in an LIC

Answer 5

• local food supply improves due to investment in machinery and fertilisers
• literacy levels improve

Question 6

LDC vs LEDC

Answer 6

LDC = least developed countries
LEDC = less economically devloped country

Question 7

tiger economy

Answer 7

one that grows rapidly

Question 8

how physical geo has affected development

Answer 8

• landlocked countries develop slower (no ports for X/M)
• small islands are disadvantageous
• natural resource accessibility

Question 9

how have econ policies affected development

Answer 9

• open economies that welcome + encourage FDI have developed faster than closed economies
• fast growing countries often high saving low spending relative to GDP
• good govt, law, lack of corruption = higher growth rate

Question 10

how has demography affected development

Answer 10

• countries with lower BR have grown more
• progressed through DTM faster

Question 11

econ consequences of development gap

Answer 11

• global integration is spatially selective
• 1 of 5 of world’s pop lives on less than $1 a day
• poor countries cant pay for food, agri innovation, investment

Question 12

social consequences of development gap

Answer 12

• more than 850 mil ppl in poor countries cant read/write
• 1bn ppl don’t have clean water, 2.4bn don’t have sanitation
• 11m children under 5 die from preventable diseases yearly

Question 13

env consequences of development gap

Answer 13

• poor countries mroe vulnerable to natural disasters
• poor cant adap to climate change
• env degradation from poor farming practises in poor countries
• raw materials in LEDC exploited by MEDCs

Question 14

political consequences of development gap

Answer 14

• poor countries often non democratic govt, poorly ran
• strong link between development and quality of govt

Question 15

reasons for globalisation of econ activity

Answer 15

• less world trade barriers
• larger influence of TNCs
• more international migration
• emergence of NICs

Question 16

cumulative causation

Answer 16

process where a significant increase in econ growth leads to even more growth as more money circulates around the economy (multiplier effect)

Question 17

cumulative causation process

Answer 17

1) rise in per capita incomes (econ growth)
2) higher tax base, govt get more tax rev so can spend
3) better infra
4) large manufacturing plants established
5) expansion of local job opportunities
6) inflow of business, capital to match increased demand
= secondary + tertiary development