Key Religious Legislation of the Henrician Reformation Flashcards
When was the Act in Restraint of Appeals?
- Early 1533
What did the Act in Restrain of Appeals do?
- Placed all ecclesiastical jurisdiction in the King’s hands
- Prevented appeals in legal cases being made to Rome.
What was the importance of the Act in Restraint of Appeals?
- This prevented Catherine of Aragon appealing to Rome in the case of the Annulment
- It had the support of Parliament, and thus allowed Henry to be granted the Annulment
- overall it was a significant step towards ending Papal authority in England.
When was the Act forbidding papal dispensation and payment of Peter’s pence?
- 1534
What did the Act Forbidding Papal Dispensation and Payment of Peter’s Pence do?
- This restricted the archbishops right to allow priests to hold more than one Parish.
- It also prevented payments of taxation to Rome.
What was the importance of the Act Forbidding Papal Dispensation and Payment of Peter’s Pence?
- It meant that all ecclesiastical powers were now in the hands of the King
- It was popular with the laity as many saw the clergy as greedy.
When was William Tyndale’s Bible burnt?
- May 1530 - This was an attack on heresy against Catholicism
When was the First Act of Annates?
- 1532
What did the First Act of Annates do?
- Banned the payment of Annates to Rome
- It also threatened that bishops could be consecrated by English authorities
What was the significance of the First Act of Annates?
- It removed the chief source of papal revenue in England and challenged one of the Pope’s main functions as leader of the church
What was the Supplication of the Ordinaries?
- March 1532
- Clergy were to enact no Church law without royal permission
- Existing Church law was to be examined by Royal commission
What was the Submission of the Clergy?
- May 1532
- The Clergy accepted the King and not the Pope as their lawmaker - This led to the resignation of Thomas More
What was the Second Act of Annates?
- January 1534 - confirmed the First Act of Annates
- Abbots and bishops were now to be appointed by the King, rather than the Pope
What was the Act for the Submission of the Clergy?
- March 1534
- This meant that appeals in ecclesiastical matters were now to be handled by the King’s Court of Chancery rather than the Archbishop’s court.
What was the First Act of Succession?
- March 1534
- This registered Henry’s marriage to Catherine as invalid, and replaced it with his marriage to Anne.
- The Crown was also now to pass to Henry and Anne’s children - Nation was to take an oath to uphold their marriage, with it being treason to deny this.
When was the Act of Supremacy?
- November 1534
What did the Act of Supremacy do?
- declared that Henry was ‘justly and rightfully Supreme Head of the Church of England’.
- allowed Henry the right to carry out visitations of the monasteries
What was the Treason Act?
- December 1534
- This listed key treasonable crimes - some examples were calling the King a heretic
- Treason could now be defined as intent expressed in word, writing or in deed.
What was the Act for First Fruits and Tenths?
- December 1534
- This meant that clerical taxes were to go to the King, rather than the Pope.
When was Cromwell made Vice-gerent in Spirituals?
- January 1535
- Shows that Henry was leaning towards more reformist ideas at this time
What was the Valor Ecclesiasticus?
- January 1535
- This was a survey commissioned by Cromwell into the wealth and condition of the Church
When was the Act for the Dissolution of Lesser Monasteries?
- February 1536 - This closed down the smaller monasteries which were under £200 in value
When was Anne Boleyn beheaded?
-May 1536
- He married Jane Seymour the next day
What was the Act of Ten Articles?
- July 1536
- This rejected the ‘Seven Sacraments’ of the Catholic doctrine, leaving only 3 - baptism, eucharist and penance. - This was a clear move towards Protestantism.
What were the Royal Injunctions to the Clergy?
- August 1536 - These ordered the clergy to 1 - defend the Royal Supremacy in sermons 2 - abandon pilgrimages 3 - give money for educational purposes to teach children the Lord’s Prayer, the 10 commandments and other scriptures
What was the Bishops Book?
- July 1537 - This rediscovered the four ‘lost’ sacraments, but they were to be of lesser value. - THere was also a drift towards Protestantism, as there was no discussion of transubstantiation, Mass was glossed over, the special status of the priests was understated and purgatory was present only by implication.
What was the ‘Matthew Bible’?
- This was a distinctly Protestant version of the Bible that had the King’s permission.
When was the Truce of Nice signed by Charles V and Francis I? What impact did this have on English religion?
- This truce brought a temporary end to the conflict between the two Catholic powers - It severely threatened Henry, as it risked him being invaded by both powers - It prompted Henry to move closer to Catholicism in the Act of Six articles
What was the Second Royal Injunctions issued by Cromwell?
- September 1538 - The English Bible was to be placed in all parishes within two years - all births, marriages and deaths were to be registered by parishes - people actively discouraged from pilgrimages - relics removed from churches
When was Henry excommunicated?
- December 1538 by Pope Paul III
When was the ‘Great Bible’ published?
- April 1539
What was the Act of Six Articles?
- June 1539 - radical shift back to Catholicism - confirmed - transubstantiation, mass, confession - banned - marriage of priests (or anyone who had taken vow of chastity), communion by lay people - severe penalties to those who disobeyed
What was the Act for the Dissolution of Greater Monasteries?
- All monasteries were closed and their land passed to the Crown
When was Cromwell executed?
- July 1540
When did Henry marry Anne of Cleves?
- January 1540
When did Henry annul Anne of Cleves?
- July 1540
When did Henry marry Catherine Howard?
- July 1540
What was the Act for the Advancement of True Religion?
- May 1542 - This restricted access to the English Bible to upper-class men and women in private
What was the King’s Book?
- May 1542 - This revised the Bishops Book, but confirmed Transubstantiation and the Six Articles - It was written by Henry himself, encouraging preaching and attacking images. - also known as the ‘Necessary Doctrine and Erudition of a Christian Man’
When did Henry marry Catherine Parr?
- July 1543
When was English litany introduced to churches?
- May 1544 - It replaced Catholic latin litany but was optional
What was the Chantries Act?
- This allowed for the dissolution of chantries, but was not enforced until the reign of Edward VI
