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Random Pre Reg Questions > Key Points > Flashcards

Key Points Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs that cause QT prolongation

A

‘Long Hearts Make Vampires Always Cry’

  • Lithium, Loperamide
  • Haloperidol
  • Macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin)
  • Venlafixine
  • Amiodarone, Amitriptyline
  • Citalopram

Hypokalaemia increase risk

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2
Q

Drugs associated with C.diff

A

‘Crazy Chimps Buy Flourescent Poo’

  • Clindamycin
  • Cephalosporins
  • Broad-spec penicillin
  • Flouroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin)
  • PPIs
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3
Q

Smoking interactions

A

‘TACO’ - Tobacco Can Avoid Overdose

  • Theophylline
  • Aminophylline
  • Clozapine
  • Olanzapine
  • Ropinirole
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4
Q

Drugs that cause hypokalaemia

A

‘Don’t Cut Banannas’

  • Diuretics
  • Corticosteroids
  • Beta - 2 agonists
  • Macrolides
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5
Q

What is chromaturia?

A

Harmless red brown colour of the urine caused by medication

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6
Q

Nephrotoxic drugs

A
  • Ciclosporin
  • Tacrolimus
  • Vancomycin
  • Aminoglycosides
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7
Q

Ototoxic drugs

A
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Loop diuretics
  • Cisplatin
  • Vancomycin
  • macrolides
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8
Q

Risk factors of QT prolongation

A
  • HypOKalaemia
  • HypOMagnesaemia
  • Cardiac disease
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9
Q

CP450 inhibitors

A

’SICKFACES.COM’ - increase drug concentration

Sodium valproate
Isonazid
Cimetidine
Ketoconazole
Fluconazole , Fluoxetine
Alcohol & grapefruit juice
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin
Sulfonamides , Sertraline
Ciprofloxacin
Omeparazole
Metronidazole Macrolides

Rate limiting CCB

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10
Q

CYP450 inducers

A

’CRAP GPS’ - decrease drug concentration

Carbemazepines
Rifampicin
Alcohol
Phenytoin
Griseofulvin
Phenobarbitone
Sulphonylureas, St Johns wort

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11
Q

Drugs that cause photosensitivity

A
  • Amiodarone
  • Chlorpromazine
  • NSAIDs
  • Diuretics (furosemide, bendroflumethiazide)
  • Tetracycline
  • Quinolones
  • Sulfonamides (co-trimoxazole)
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12
Q

Pregnancy prevention programme

A
  • 7 day prescription validity, 30 day supply
  • Use highly effective contraception
  • Fully informed of the risks and signed Risk Acknowledgment Form
  • See specialist for annual review

User independent methods: IUD, POP implant, sterilisation
User dependent methods: two forms of contraceptive eg. COC + barrier method + regular pregnancy test

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13
Q

Linezolide

A
  • Cheese reaction
  • Serotonin syndrome
  • visual disturbances
  • blood disorders
  • not over 28 days
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14
Q

Warning with tetracycline

A

Headache - STOP

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15
Q

Two antibiotics with food or after

A

Metronidazole
Nitrofurantoin

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16
Q

How long is treatment with Rifampicin and isoniazid in continuous phase

A

4 months

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17
Q

What to consider with TB drugs

A

Liver

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18
Q

Rifampicin SE

A

Urine discolouration
Stains contact

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19
Q

Why would malarone be preferred over doxycycline

A

Doxy causes photosensitivity and most malaria countries are hot and sunny

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20
Q

Prophylaxis for malaria

A
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21
Q

Anti malaria and warfarin

A

Stop warfarin 2-3 weeks before and measure INR more frequently

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22
Q

Where to find information

A
  • Aseptics: yellow guide
  • Manufacture and distribution: orange guide
  • Interactions: Stockleys
  • Immunisation against infectious disease + info about vaccinations: green book
  • Martindale: reliable reference resource on drugs and medicines throughout the world
  • BP: official standards for pharmaceutical substances and medicinal products
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23
Q

Record keeping

A
  • Private RX for POM = 2 Years
  • Private RX for CD 2 and 3 = submitted to
    NHS agency
  • POM register = 2 years
  • Returned/ expired CD = 7 years
  • RP record = 5 years
  • NMS record = 2 years
24
Q

Treatment of gout

A

Cholchicine (first 48 hours)
Indomethacin & Naproxen

25
Q

Preventing gout

A
  • Allopurinol & febuxostat
  • probenecid & sulfinpyrazone
26
Q

Nitrofurantoin CI

A

Long term COPD

27
Q

Which anntifungal interacts with warfarin

A

Oral - Miconazole
Fluconazole

28
Q

What is CI in unstable angina

A

CCB - only used in stable

29
Q

Calcium carbonate + levothyroxine

A

Separate dose by atleast 4 hours to reduce interaction

30
Q

Ferrous sulphate + levothyroxine

A

Separate dose by at least 2 hours

31
Q

Side effect of gliptins (DDP)

A

Acute pancreatitis

32
Q

Mineralcorticoid steroid

A

Fludrocortisone & Hydrocortisone

  • HypO K, Ca
  • HypER Na
  • Eyes - MHRA
  • Psychiatric reaction - STOP
  • Adrenal suppression
  • Infections (immunosuppression)

Warning with CHICKEN POX & MEASLES
- Cushing’s syndrome- moon face
- skin thinning

33
Q

Side effects of glucocorticosteroid

A
  • Diabetes
  • Osteoporosis
  • Muscle wasting
  • GI ulcers
34
Q

Pneumonic for mineralcorticosteroid

A

‘ACHING BOSSOM’

35
Q

Corticosteroids + Sertraline

A

Bleeding
Hyponatraemia

Give PPI

36
Q

Hypo in Sulphonylurea- Gliclazide, etc

A

Refer to hospital
Yellow card - serious SE

37
Q

CPR

A

30 compressions (100 - 120 a minute)
2 breaths

38
Q

Hydoxychloroquine + macrolides

A

Increased risk of cardiovascular events

39
Q

Anti diabetic people preferred in renal impairment

A

‘Gliptins’

40
Q

Paracetamol dose under 6 (120/5ml)

A

3 - 6 months: 2.5mL
6 - 24 months: 5mL
2 - 4 years: 7.5mL
4 - 6 years: 10mL

up to 4 times a day

41
Q

Paracetamol dose over 6 (250/5ml)

A

6 - 8 years: 5mL
8 - 10 years: 7.5mL
10 - 12 years: 10mL

42
Q

MHRA warning with hydrocholothiazide

A

Non melanoma skin cancer
Particularly in long term use

43
Q

Orlistat interactions

A

Warfarin
Ciclosporin
DOAC

44
Q

Antimuscaranic drugs

A

‘DOTS’

  • Darifenacin
  • Oxybutinin
  • Tolterodine
  • Solifenacin
45
Q

Rosuvastatin + clopidogrel

A

Max 20mg

46
Q

Lansoprazole + methotrexate

A

Increased toxicity - reduce clearance

47
Q

Drugs that cause falls in elderly

A
  • benzodiazepines
  • antihistamines
  • antiepileptics (remember lacosamide)
48
Q

Treatment of hyperkalaemia

A

Patiromer calcium

49
Q

Beta blocker in heart failure

A

BVN

Bisoprolol
Cervidolol
Nebivolol

50
Q

Treatment for Bacterial vaginosis

A

Metronidazole 400mg BD 5-7 days

51
Q

Hypomagnesemia

A

Sotalol
Digoxin
PPI

52
Q

Liver toxicity

A
53
Q

Alcohol dependency

A

Choldiazepoxide

54
Q

How to treat torsade de pointes (prolonged QT prolongation)

A

IV magnesium sulfate

55
Q

Serotonin syndrome

A
  • antidepressant
  • tramadol
  • methadone
  • Mirtazapine
  • Sertraline
  • lithium
56
Q

Neutropenia

A

Filgrastim

Random Pre Reg Questions (12 decks)

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