Key Issue 4 - The Problem of Religion Flashcards
How did Henry VIII change religion?
- put an end to Pope’s authority
- made himself head of the Church of England
- didn’t change church services
- introduced an English bible
- kept many Catholic practices in place
How did Edward VI change religion?
- heavily influenced by Protestant guardians
- introduced a new Protestant Prayer book and communion service
- required all church services to be conducted in English
- had all decorations and images in churches torn down
- allowed priests to marry
How did Mary Tudor change religion?
- restored authority of the Pope as head of the church
- restored Latin mass
- separated priests and their wives
- began to persecute Protestants
Why did many Catholics believe Elizabeth had no right to be queen?
She was considered to be illegitimate, and that Mary Stuart (who was Catholic) had a better claim to the throne.
State three Catholic beliefs.
- the Pope was head of the Church
- church services and the Bible to be in Latin
- churches should be highly decorated
- priests shouldn’t marry
State three Protestant beliefs.
- the monarch should be the head of the Church
- church services and the bible to be in English
- there should be little decoration in churches
- priests should be allowed to marry
State three Puritan beliefs.
- there should be no head of the Church
- churchgoers should elect committees to run their church
- church services should be simple
- no need for any decoration
State three religious problems Elizabeth was facing.
- she was Protestant
- most people in England were Catholic but her government was mainly Protestant
- Mary Queen of Scots claimed she was the rightful Queen of England and many Catholics supported her
- she wanted the country to be united and didn’t want to punish people for their religious beliefs
- she needed a national Church
- religious changes in the past had caused rebellions
- the most powerful countries in Europe are Catholic
What did Elizabeth need to consider when coming up with her religious settlement?
- Mary Stuart married Francis II and became the new Catholic rulers of France in 1559. Many Catholics believed Mary was the rightful English queen and some thought Francis might press her claim
- Phillip II of Spain, who was married to Mary Tudor, didn’t want to see France or Scotland gain influence over the English Crown
- Scotland was being ruled by a regent: Mary of Guise, Mary Stuart’s mother, who was Catholic
- if the Pope decided to excommunicate Elizabeth, other Catholic countries could lead religious crusades on England
- many members of the House of Lords were Catholic, but the majorities of MPs in the House of Commons were Protestant
What was the “Middle Way”?
- Protestantism became the official religion
- bought back changes made in Edward’s reign
- refused to give way to extremist Protestant ideas
- kept some aspects of the old Catholic Churches
- didn’t persecute Catholics, but they were fined for not attending church
State three aspects of the Act of Supremacy 1559.
- Elizabeth became head of the Church of England instead of the pope
- all important officials had to swear an oath of loyalty accepting Elizabeth’s title
- bishops were used to govern the new church
State three aspects of the Act of Uniformity 1559.
- the 1552 Protestant Book of Common Prayer was to be used in all churches
- the Bible and church services were to bee in English
- everyone had to attend church on Snday
What was the Act of Supremacy?
Established the monarch’s authority over the Church
What was the Act of Uniformity?
Spelled out the form of service to be followed
What were the Royal Injuctions?
They were intended to provide a set of instructions to the clergy on a wide range of practices.
