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1. SAW > Key Individuals & Commands 7103-7104 > Flashcards

Key Individuals & Commands 7103-7104 Flashcards

1
Q

Lucian Truscott

A

Command Missions Author
COHQobserver - saw Dieppe
Picked Darby to start up Rangers

3d Infantry Division - Sicily
VI Corps - Took over at Anzio

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2
Q

Gordon Harrison

A

Cross-Channel Attack Author

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3
Q

John Hersey

A

Author A Bell for Adano

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4
Q

ADM Leahy

A

US JCS Chairman - former CNO brought back after retiring from service, well-connected & liked by FDR

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5
Q

Gen Marshall

A

Army COS on JCS

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6
Q

Gen Eisenhower -

A

Involved in Operations Division (former War Plans Division) at the outset of the war
AFHQ CG (North Africa) for Torch
Commanded overall in Italy
Was Commander of ETOUSA
Was also Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force
(SHAEF = Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force)

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7
Q

ADM Hewitt

A

Eighth Fleet - USN in Med
Commanded adjacent to Patton for Torch
Commanded for Sicily & Anzio

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8
Q

Mark Clark

A

FIFTH Army in Italy
(Left Flank moving up the peninsula) adjacent to Montgomery 8th Army

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9
Q

Bernard Montgomery

A

North Africa
Eighth Army (42-43) - Sicily
21 Army Group OVERLORD
known for being hard to work with and also deliberate/methodical (slow)

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10
Q

GEN Alexander

A

15th Army Group - Italy - Sicily (over Patton & Montgomery), Salern

Had 1st Brit Div with BEF at Dunkirk - promoted to I Corps
Was in charge during the fall of Burma 1942 and commanded Slim
Fought in North Africa over Montgomery

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11
Q

Gen Patton

A

North Africa - Western Task Force. Took over II Corps after Kasserine Pass
Sicily - 7th Army - Gaeta, Brolo (end run), race to Messina
Overlord - Phantom Army in England for Operation Fortitude Deception
Third Army for breakout under Twelfth Army Group

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12
Q

Harris

A

Commander of Bomber Command 1942-45

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13
Q

Mountbatten

A

1942 - COHQ (Combined Operations) - amphib ops for Brits
1943 - Served as Supreme Allied Commander SEAC
(sidenote - assassinated by the IRA in 1979)

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14
Q

Arnold

A

Member of JCS and CCS
Trained to fly by Wright brothers

US Army Air COS on JCS - Army Air Forces created in 1941

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15
Q

Pound

A

First Sea Lord (on Brit CCS)

Was a battleship commander at Jutland in WWI
Effective with U-Boat campaign
Died in 1943 - replaced by Andrew Browne Cunningham (“ABC”) as First Sea Lord

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16
Q

Ismay

A

Hastings Lionel Ismay
British COS (Leahy counterpart)
- “tact, patience, and skill in promoting compromise”
Chief of staff and military advisor to Churchill at the beginning of WWII
Post war became first Secretary General of NATO - “keep the Soviet Union out, the Americans in, and the Germans down.”

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17
Q

Patch

A

Commanded a Divisin, Corps, and Field Army in the war
Pacific Theater - commanded Americal Division relieving 1st MARDIV at Guadalcanal
Took command of XIV Corps and led the close out of Guadalcanal through Feb 1943
Seventh Army - DRAGOON (took Seventh Army from Mark Clark) - commanded Truscott’s VI Corps and Juin’s FEC

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18
Q

King

A

US CNO (on JCS)
Important for his advocacy of Nimitz & assets for the Pacific
Strong counterpart to Marshall

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19
Q

Alan Brooke

A

Brit Army COS
initially opposed to CCS idea, feared US dominating unified command.

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20
Q

Portal

A

Brit Air COS - Senior Royal Air Force Officer (RAF was independent since late WWI)
Argued for bombing of German cities. Churchill ordered a stop to it after Dresden

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21
Q

Kenney

A

Commander of Allied Air Forces in the Pacific - worked for MacArthur in SWPA

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22
Q

Blamey

A

Australian General who was commander of Allied Land Forces in SWPA (although by MacArthur’s creation of TF Alamo, which MacArthur directly controlled, Blamey mostly commanded the Australian forces)

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23
Q

Krueger

A

Geenral of Sixth Army / TF Alamo in the Pacific under MacArthur’s SWPA

24
Q

Eichelberger

A

I Corps in the Pacific
Commanded the primary force under TF Alamo

25
Q

Dan Barbey

A

“Uncle Dan the Amphibious Man
Commander of TF 76 and VII Amphib forces
Oversaw over 50 amphibious operations
pre-war he was instrumental in development of amphibious capabilities and doctrine

26
Q

Kinkaid

A

Commanded the Carrier Enterprise at the Battle of Midway
1942 - Aleutians Campaign (replaced Theobold who was fired for inability to work with the Army/Buckner)
Admiral in charge of Allied Naval Forces for SWPA
Commanded Seventh Fleet (TF 77)
Commanded at Battle of Leyte Gulf (largest battleship battle in history)
Commanded Dan Barbey & his Amphib force

sidenote - brother-in-law of Husband Kimmel (relieved for Pearl Harbor) - Kinkaid’s sister married Kimmel

27
Q

Halsey

A

Replaced Ghormley as commander of SOPAC and Third Fleet
Worked directly for Nimitz in SOPAC capacity, but took “strategic direction” and worked well with MacArthur - critical for Solomons campaign, where portions fell in the SWPA AO.

28
Q

Nimitz

A

Fleet Admiral
sent to the Pacific in 1942 to command Pacific Fleet, in 1942, with the creation of POA & SWPA, he became commander of POA. POA encompassed North Pacific Area, Central Pacific Area, and South Pacific Area. He made SOPAC a “sub-unified command” under Halsey, but retained command and control of Central Pacific and North Pacific. Initially he had one staff for his “four hats” but Central Pacific staff and PACFLT staffs became separate. In Dec 1943, he formed a joint staff with elements of Central Pacific and USACENPAC)

29
Q

Soc McMorris

A

A planner before and early in the war.
Served as Nimitz’s COS for PACFLT (“He’s the heavy” in relation to CENTPAC COS Newton)

30
Q

Wavell

A

ABDA commander

31
Q

Mitscher

A

Commanded TF 58 “Fast Carrier Task Force”
Included four separate Fast Carrier Task Forces with ~4 carriers each
Instrumental at the Battle of the Philippine Sea
Known for valuing pilot’s lives (turned lights on for night recovery at end of Philippine Sea)

32
Q

Richmond Kelly Turner

A

Commanded TF 51 - the amphibious force for Fifth Fleet
CATF at Guadalcanal
Abrasive, alcoholic, exceptionally competent

33
Q

Conolly

A

Commadner of TF 53 under Turner - Southern force for Forager (Guam)
Had experience in North Africa (evidence of King’s deliberate effort to cross-pollinate experience between theaters)

34
Q

H.M. Smith

A

V MAC at Saipan - relieved Ralph Smith (Army commander of 27th Div)
Elevated to TF 56 (over both V MAC & III MAC)
Abrasive

35
Q

Roy Geiger

A

Fought with Vandegrift at Guadalcanal
Commanded I MAC (then re-flagged to III MAC)
well-liked
Aviation background

36
Q

TF 57 / TF 59

A

TF 57 - Hoover - commanded forward bases (and for a time the aircraft aboard the forward bases)
TF 59 - created to control the aviation on the forward bases
Throguh TF 57 & 59, Spruance, as FIFTH fleet had control of land based aircraft

37
Q

Spruance

A

Commander of Fifth Fleet (TF 50) - the primary force in the Central Pacific Area
Well-regarded leader - calm & competent, not vocal or attention-drawing like Halsey, but many say the better commander.
Worked directly for Nimitz in Nimitz’s capacity as Central Pacific

38
Q

Buckner

A

Alaska Command

39
Q

Theobold

A

Navy commander of North Pacific Force - fired for inability to work with Buckner

40
Q

Ghormley

A

Initial commander of SOPAC - relieved by Nimitz & replaced by Halsey. During Guadalcanal (prior to relief) he never set foot on the island.

41
Q

Vandegrift

A

Commander of I MAC on Guadalcanal
Became Commandant mid-WWII

42
Q

Hart

A

Commander of Asiatic Fleet at out set of war
Allied Naval Forces commander for ABDA

43
Q

USA 3d Division

A

Landed with Anderson at Torch
Landed with Truscott at Husky and Avalanche

44
Q

Omar Bradley

A
45
Q

Tedder

A

RAF - Mediterranean Air Command - over North Africa Air Force and MEAC

46
Q

Torch - Western Task Force Leadership & objectives

A

Leadership - Patton & Hewitt
Truscott - Northern Group
Anderson - Center Group
Harmon - Southern Group
Objective - Port Lyautey

47
Q

Cunningham (RN) “ABC”

A

Mediterranean Naval Forces - controlled Western Naval Task Force (Hewitt, USN) and Eastern Naval Task Force (Ransey, RN)

48
Q

Kesselring

A

OB Sud commander - fought the Allies in Italy

49
Q

von Senger

A

Armored Corps commander - mainly in our study for defenses on Gustav Line & Cassino
He replaced Kesselring for a period of time when Kesselring was injured.

Neither Hope Nor Fear author

50
Q

Morgan

A

COSSAC - large contributor / leader of the staff writing SLEDGEHAMMER / OVERLORD
Enabled Eisenhower to fall in on a draft for execution

51
Q

Wedemeyer

A

Subject of Kirkpatrick’s “An Unknown Future and a Doubtful Present: Writing the Victory Plan of 1941”

Step 1: Establish Objectives. Step 2: Mil Strategy to accomplish objectives. Step 3: What size force is needed. Step 4 - Detailed planning (organize, train, equip)

What did Wedemeyer get right
- Smaller divisions with firepower
- Allied cooperation
- 10% was a good estimate of the population for mil without damaging society
- Division structure - triangle vs. quad
- Modern war - aircraft, mech, etc.
- Mobilization timeline - about 2 years
- Essentially said the Philippines were indefensible at any cost the US was willing to pay
- Wedemeyer got enough right to enable detailed & functional planning - to enable action.
- Europe first

What did he get wrong
- # of Divisions (Said ~190, we were near 100)
- Division slice (non-combat / support personnel) - note “Division slice is a term of art you need to keep a weather eye on…” - he used a % that applied to a non-mechanized force
- Off with anti-air requirements b/c Luftwaffe had been attritted significantly
- Soviets getting knocked out of the war
- Specialization - planned for more than they needed
- Replacements - as Americans we revert to individual replacement schema rather than unit replacement schema

52
Q

Rommel

A

German commander in North Africa and Western Front

On D-Day he was Army Group B commander under Rundstedt, but that dynamic / command relationship was not straight forward.

Rommel advocated for a posture further forward / closer to the beach arguing that deeper reserves would be interdicted

53
Q

German Command on D-Day

A

Lacked unity of command - no common commander for Air / Naval / Ground forces until Hitler

54
Q

Rundstedt

A

OB West commander on D-Day

* Rundstedt thought the appropriate disposition was to have reserves further back (as opposed to Rommel's advocacy for forward posture). Hold at the beach, but the distant reserves push back into the sea. Smash at coast, beat with local reserves, if possible...but a greater focus on Corps & Army reserves pushing back into the sea – p. 153
	○ Rundstedt thought that regardless of how strong you make the wall, someone can get through
55
Q
A

1. SAW (8 decks)

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