Key Individuals

Question 1

Nicholas I

Answer 1

Tsar from 1825-1855
Autocratic and reactionary ruler
Lost Crimean War against Napoleon
Ruled during economic stagnation

Question 2

Nicholas Milyutin

Answer 2

Introduced many reforms:
EMANCIPATION OF SERFS
1874 introduced compulsory military service (men 20- and reduced 25 years to 6)
Introduced reserve system
Introduced zemstvo (enabled elected representatives to play role in local affairs e.g. education

Question 3

Vasily Milyutin

Answer 3

Alexander II tutor
Helped make Alexander a liberal ruler

Question 4

Grand Duke Constantin

Answer 4

Elder brother of Nicholas I

LIBERAL FAMILY MEMBER

*Virtual leader of the Congress Kingdom of Poland
Conflict between him and Nicholas I —> Alexander I died = who successor? = would be Nicholas but any (Decembrists) wanted Constantin although Constantin not involved in rebellion = many of Polish army were Decembrists but Constantin believed they were loyal to Russia but proved wrong in Polish Warsaw uprising in 1830

Question 5

Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna

Answer 5

1784-1803
Daughter of Paul I (1754-1801)
LIBERAL FAMILY MEMBER
Sister of Grand Duke Constantin
Intervened to help bring an end to servile labour

Question 6

Alexander II

Answer 6

Ruled from 1855-1881
Know as ‘Tsar Liberator’
Introduced many reforms (e.g. emancipation, judicial etc) but kept Autocracy