Key figures Flashcards
Where did Richard I become Duke of when he was 15 in 1172?
Aquitaine
Who was Richard I betrothed to when he was 12?
Philip II’s daughter, Alice
When did Richard I become King of England?
1189
What tie to Outremer did Richard I have?
His great-grandfather was Fulk of Anjou
How did Richard raise enough funds to go on crusade?
He imposed a “Saladin tax” and sold vasts amounts of land and property
How did Richard and Philip II travel to the Holy Land?
By sea
What did travelling by sea allow Richard to eliminate and why?
Poor and unarmed pilgrims; places on the ships were limited and had to be paid for
How old was Phillip II when he took the cross in 1188 and how long had he ruled for?
24; 8 years
Who had the most organised and best-resourced army?
Richard I
Why would Richard and Philip not take the cross unless the other did?
They were rivals, and if one left for crusade without the other their lands would be vulnerable to invasion
How old was Barbarossa when he took the cross?
In his late sixties
How long had Barbarossa been King of Germany?
36 years
Who was Barbarossa hostile towards?
The Papacy
What role did Barbarossa play in the second crusade?
He was second in command to his uncle, Conrad III
When did Barbarossa take the cross?
1188
How did Barbarossa afford the crusade?
He insisted that the nobles pay for themselves
When did Barbarossa leave for the Holy Land?
1189
What had happened to Saladin following his victories at Hattin and Jerusalem in 1187?
His strength began to decline and divisions began to surface
What event demonstrates Saladin’s declining power?
In the winter of 1187-88 he attacked Tyre but Conrad of Montferrat was able to defeat him
Who did Saladin release in the summer of 1188?
Guy de Lusignan
When did Guy de Lusignan begin the siege of Acre?
August 1189
Give three motivations for Richard I joining the third crusade
Glory, remission of sin, status, Philip
Around how many men did the German army bring on crusade?
30,000
