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NAPLEX '22 Main Points > Key Drugs > Flashcards

Key Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Therapeutic Drug Ranges

Carbamazepine

Ch. 4 Labs Values & Drug Monitoring (page 82)

A

4 - 12 mcg/mL

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2
Q

Therapeutic Drug Ranges

Digoxin

Ch. 4 Labs Values & Drug Monitoring (page 82)

A

AFib: 0.8 - 2 ng/mL

HF: 0.5 - 0.9 ng/mL

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3
Q

Therapeutic Drug Ranges

Lithium

Ch. 4 Labs Values & Drug Monitoring (page 82)

A

0.6 - 1.2 mEq/mL (up to 1.5 mEq/mL for acute symptoms)

drawn as a trough

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4
Q

0.6 - 1.2 mEq/mL (up to 1.5 mEq/mL for acute symptoms)

drawn as a trough

A

Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin: 10 - 20 mcg/mL; if albumin is low, correct serum level

Free Phenytoin: 1 - 2.5 mcg/mL

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5
Q

Therapeutic Drug Ranges

Gentamicin & Tobramycin (traditional dosing)

Ch. 4 Labs Values & Drug Monitoring (page 82)

A

Peak: 5 - 10 mcg/mL

Trough: <2 mcg/mL

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6
Q

Therapeutic Drug Ranges

Procainamide

NAPA (procainamide active metabolite)

Combined

Ch. 4 Labs Values & Drug Monitoring (page 82)

A

Procainamide: 4 - 10 mcg/mL

NAPA: 15 - 25 mcg/mL

Combined: 10 - 30 mcg/mL

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7
Q

Therapeutic Drug Ranges

Theophylline

Ch. 4 Labs Values & Drug Monitoring (page 82)

A

5 - 15 mcg/mL

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8
Q

Therapeutic Drug Ranges

Valproic Acid

Ch. 4 Labs Values & Drug Monitoring (page 82)

A

50 - 100 mcg/mL (up to 150 mcg/mL in some patients); if albumin low, correct serum level

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9
Q

Therapeutic Drug Ranges

Vancomycin*

Ch. 4 Labs Values & Drug Monitoring (page 82)

A

Trough: 15 - 20 mcg/mL for most serious infections (pneumonia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, meningitis and bacteremia)

Trough: 10 - 15 mcg/mL for others

AUC can be used to monitor vancomycin

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10
Q

Therapeutic Drug Ranges

Warfarin

Ch. 4 Labs Values & Drug Monitoring (page 82)

A

Goal INR: 2 - 3 for most indications

Higher range (2.5 - 3.5) for high-risk indications, like mechanical mitral valves

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11
Q

What drugs have an issue with leaching, absorption, with PVC containers?

Ch. 7 Intravenous Medication Principles (page 108)

A 
Lorazepam
Amiodarone
Tacrolimus
Taxanes*
Insulin
Nitroglycerin

Leach Absorbs To Take In Nutrients

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12
Q

What drugs can ONLY be mixed with saline (no dextrose)?

Ch. 7 Intravenous Medication Principles (page 108)

A 
Ampicillin
Daptomycin (Cubicin)
Infliximab (Remicade)
Ampicillin/Sulbactam (Unasyn)
Caspofungin (Cancidas)
Ertapenem (Invanz)
Phenytoin (Dilantin)

A DIAbetic Can’t Eat Pie

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13
Q

What drugs can ONLY be mixed with dextrose (not saline)?

Ch. 7 Intravenous Medication Principles (page 108)

A

Oxaliplatin
Bactrim (smx/tmp)
Amphotericin B (all)
Synercid (quinupristin/dalfopristin)

Old Bats Avoid Salt

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14
Q

What drugs require the filters to be drawn up?

Ch. 7 Intravenous Medication Principles (page 110)

A

Golimumab (Simponi)
Amiodarone
Lorazepam

Phenytoin
Lipids - 1.2 micron
Amphotericin B (lipid formulations)
Taxanes “except docetaxel”

GAL PLAT

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15
Q

What drugs should NOT be refrigerated?

Ch. 7 Intravenous Medication Principles (page 110)

A 
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)
Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (Bactrim)
Phenytoin - crystallizes 
Furosemide - crystallizes
Metronidazole 
Moxifloxacin (Avelox)
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Dear Sweet Pharmacist Freezing Makes Me Edgy!

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16
Q

What drugs need to be protected from light during administration?

Ch. 7 Intravenous Medication Principles (page 111)

A 
Phytonadione (vitamin K, Mephyton)
Epoprostenol (Flolan)
Nitroprusside (Nitropress)
Micafungin (Mycamine)
Doxycycline

Protect Every Necessary Med from Daylight

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17
Q

What are the class(es) of drugs on the Hazardous NIOSH List?

Ch. 15 Compounding: Basics I (page 239)

A

Antineoplastic Drugs (Chemotherapeutics)

Non-Antineoplastic Drugs

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18
Q

What are the Non-Antineoplastic Hazardous Drugs on the NIOSH List?

Ch. 15 Compounding: Basics I (page 239)

A

Abortifacient (Mifepristone, Misoprostol)
ABX (Chloramphenicol)
Anticoag (Warfarin)
Antifungals (Fluconazole, Voriconazole)
Antiretrovirals (Abacavir, Entecavir, Zidovudine)
Antivirals (Cidofovir, Ganciclovir, Valganciclovir)
Acne (Isotretinoin)
Arrhythmia (Dronedarone)
Autoimmune Conditions (Acitretin, Azathioprine, Leflunomide, Fingolimod, Teriflunomide)
BPH (Dutasteride, Finasteride)
Bisphosphonates (Pamidronate, Zoledronic Acid)
Chemoprotectant (Dexrazoxane Cardiac)
Depression (Paroxetine)
Diabetes (Exenatide, Liraglutide)
Dyslipidemia (Lomitapide
Seizures/Epilepsy (Clobazam, Clonazepam, Carbamazepine, Oxcarbazepine, Eslicarbazepine, Divalproex, Fosphenytoin, Phenytoin, Topiramate, Vigabatrin, Zonisamide)
Gout (Colchicine)
Heart Failure (Ivabradine, Spironolactone)
Hepatitis (Ribavirin)
Hormonal Agents (Androgens, Estrogens, Oxytocin, dinoprostone, Progesterones, SERD/SERMs, Ulipristal)
Hyperthyroidism (Methimazole, Propylthiouracil)
Insomnia (Temazepam, Triazolam)
Iron Overload (Deferiprone)
Migraine (Dihydroergotamine)
Parkinson’s Disease (Apomorphine, Rasagiline)
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (Ambrisentan, Bosentan, Macitentan, Riociguat)
Schizophrenia (Ziprasidone)
Transplant (Cyclosporine, Mycophenolate, Tacrolimus, Sirolimus)

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19
Q

What drugs are most commonly associated with photosensitivity?

Ch. 77 Drug Allergies & Adverse Drug Reactions (page 958)

A 
Amiodarone
Diuretics (thiazides and loops)
Methotrexate
PO/topical retinoids
Quinolones 
St. John's wort
Sulfa abx
Tacrolimus
Tetracyclines
Voriconazole
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20
Q

What drugs are commonly associated with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)?

Ch. 77 Drug Allergies & Adverse Drug Reactions (page 958)

A

PO P2Y12 Inhibitors (Clopidogrel)

Sulfamethoxazole

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21
Q

What drugs are commonly associated with severe skin reactions?

Ch. 77 Drug Allergies & Adverse Drug Reactions (page 959)

A 
Abacavir
Allopurinol
Carbamazepine
Ethosuximide
Lamotrigine
Modafinil
Nevirapine
Penicillins
Phenytoin
Sulfamethoxazole
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22
Q

Name the Live Vaccines.

Ch. 20 Immunizations (page 320)

A 
MMR
Intranasal influenza
Cholera
Rotavirus 
Oral Typhoid
Varicella
Yellow Fever

MICRO-VY

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23
Q

Name the Inactivated and Live Vaccines needed for travel.

Ch. 21 Travelers (page 338)

A 
------Inactivated Vaccines------
Hepatitis A (Havrix, VAQTA)
Hepatitis B (Energix-B, Recombivax HB)
Hepatitis A/B (Twinrix)
Japanese encephalitis (Ixiaro)
Meningococcus (Menveo, Menactra)
Polio (IPOL)
Typhoid-IM (Typhim Vi)

—–Live Vaccines——
Cholera - PO (Vaxchora)
Typhoid - PO (Vivotif)
Yellow Fever - SC (YF-VAX)

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24
Q

What drugs or conditions can cause weight gain?

Ch. 57 Weight Loss (page 754)

A 
---Drugs---
Antipsychotics (clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine)
Diabetes drugs (insulin, meglitinides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones) 
Divalproex/valproic acid
Gabapentin, pregabalin
Lithium
Mirtazapine
Steroids
TCAs (amitriptyline, nortriptyline)

—-Conditions—-
Hypothyroidism

25
Q

What drugs or conditions can cause weight loss?

Ch. 57 Weight Loss (page 754)

A 
----Drugs----
ADHD Drugs (amphetamine, methylphenidate)
Bupropion
GLP-1 agonist (exenatide, liraglutide)
Pramlintide
Roflumilast
SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, empagliflozin)
Topiramate

—-Conditions—-
Hyperthyroidism
Celiac Disease
Inflammatory Bowel Disease

26
Q

What drugs increase uric acid?

Ch. 60 Gout (page 789)

A

Aspirin, lower doses
Calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus and cyclosporine)
Diuretics (loops and thiazides)
Niacin
Pyrazinamide
Select chemotherapy (with tumor lysis syndrome)
Select pancreatic enzyme products

27
Q

What drugs/drug class(es) can cause or worsen depression?

Ch. 63 Depression (page 842)

A

ADHD (atomoxetine - Strattera)
Analgesics (indomethacin)
Antiretrovirals “NNRTIs” (efavirenz in Atripla & rilpivirine in Complera, Odefsey)
Cardiovascular “Beta-blockers” (propranolol)
Hormones (Hormonal contraceptives & Anabolic Steroids)
Antidepressants
Benzodiazepines
Systemic Steroids
Interferons
Varenicline
Ethanol

28
Q

What medications/illicit drugs can cause psychotic symptoms?

Ch. 64 Schizophrenia/Epilepsy (page 854)

A

——Medications——-
Anticholinergics (centrally-acting, high doses)
Dextromethorphan
Dopamine or dopamine agonists (Requip, Mirapex, Sinemet)
Interferons
Stimulants
Systemic Steroids –> lack of sleep - ICU psychosis

----Illicit Substances----
Bath salts (synthetic cathinones, MDPV)
Cannabis
Cocaine (esp. crack cocaine)
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD, hallucinogens)
Methamphetamine, ice, crystal
Phencyclidine (PCP)
29
Q

What drugs can cause anxiety?

Ch. 67 Anxiety Disorders (page 872)

A

Albuterol (if used frequently or incorrectly)
Antipsychotics (Abilify, Haldol)
Bupropion
Caffeine, in high doses
Decongestants (PSE)
Illicit drugs (cocaine, LSD, methamphetamine)
Levothyroxine (if therapeutic OD occurs)
Steroids
Stimulants (amphetamine, methylphenidate)
Theophylline

30
Q

What drugs can worsen insomnia?

Ch. 68 Sleep Disorders (page 877)

A 
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil)
Alcohol
Antiretrovirals (emtricitabine, INSTIs)
Aripiprazole
Atomoxetine
Bupropion
Caffeine
Decongestants (PSE)
Diuretics (due to nocturia)
Fluoxetine, if taken late in the day (AM dosing - activating)
Steroids
Stimulants (methylphenidate, phentermine) 
Varenicline
31
Q

What Dopamine blocking drugs can worsen Parkinson Disease?

Ch. 69 Parkinson Disease (page 885)

A

Phenothiazines (prochlorperazine) used for psychosis, nausea, agitation

Butyrophenones (haloperidol, droperidol) used for psychosis and behavior disorders or nausea

First & Second Generation Antipsychotics (risperidone “at high doses,” paliperidone); lowest risk with quetiapine

Metoclopramide, a renally-cleared drug that can accumulate in elderly patients

32
Q

What drugs can worsen dementia?

Ch. 70 Alzheimer’s Disease (page 891)

A

Antiemetics (promethazine)
Antihistamines (diphenhydramine, doxylamine)
Antipsychotics (chlorpromazine, aripiprazole)
Barbiturates (phenobarbital, butalbital)
Benzodiazepines (alprazolam, clonazepam)
Central anticholinergics (benztropine)
Peripheral anticholinergics (incontinence & IBS drugs)
Skeletal muscle relaxants (baclofen)
Other CNS depressants (opioids, sedative hypnotics)

33
Q

What drugs can lower the seizure threshold?

Ch. 71 Seizures/Epilepsy (page 896)

A 
Bupropion
Clozapine
Theophylline
Varenicline
Carbapenems (esp. imipenem)
Lithium*
Meperidine*
Penicillin*
Quinolones*
Tramadol*

High doses and renal impairment increase risk

34
Q

What drugs can worsen GERD symptoms?

Ch. 72 GERD & PUD (page 913)

A 
Aspirin/NSAIDs
Bisphosphonates
Dabigatran
Estrogen products
Fish Oil products
Iron supplements
Nicotine replacement therapy
Steroids
Tetracyclines
35
Q

What drugs can cause constipation?

Ch. 73 Constipation & Diarrhea (page 922)

A 
Antacids (Al- and Ca- containing)
Antidiarrheals
Clonidine
Colesevelam
Drugs with anticholinergic effects: 
--Antihistamines (diphenhydramine)
--Antispasmodics (baclofen)
--Phenothiazines (prochlorperazine)
--TCAs (amitriptyline) 
--Urge Incontinence drugs (oxybutynin)
Iron
Non-DHP CCB (Verapamil)
Opioids
Sucralfate (contains an Al- complex)
36
Q

What drugs can cause diarrhea?

Ch. 73 Constipation & Diarrhea (page 928)

A

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil)
Antacids (Mg+ containing)
Antibiotics (esp. broad-spectrum drugs), diarrhea may be infectious –> C. diff (most associated with Clindamycin)
Antidiabetics (metformin, GLP-1 agonists)
Antineoplastics (irinotecan, capecitabine, 5-FU, MTX, TKIs)
Colchicine
Drugs used for constipation (laxatives)
Misoprostol
Mycophenolate
Prokinetic drugs (metoclopramide, cisapride)
Protease Inhibitors (esp. nelfinavir)
Quinidine
Roflumilast

37
Q

What drugs do NOT require renal dose adjustments?

Ch. 22 Infectious Diseases I: Background & ABX Class (page 373)

A 
Antistaphylococcal penicillins (dicloxacillin, nafcillin)
Ceftriaxone 
Clindamycin
Doxycycline
Macrolides (azithromycin & erythromycin only)
Metronidazole
Moxifloxacin
Linezolid
38
Q

What drugs can increase blood pressure?

Ch. 28 Hypertension (page 445)

A 
Amphetamine and ADHD drugs
Cocaine
Decongestants (PSE, PE)
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents 
Immunosuppressants (cyclosporine)
NSAIDs
Systemic Steroids
39
Q

Name the IV Hypertension Medications.

Ch. 28 Hypertension (page 457)

A 
Chlorothiazide
Clevidipine
Diltiazem
Enalapril
Esmolol
Hydralazine
Labetalol
Metoprolol tartrate
Nicardipine
Nitroglycerin* 
Nitroprusside*
Propranolol
Verapamil

*vasodilators

40
Q

What drugs can cause or worsen heart failure?

Ch. 31 Chronic Heart Failure (page 474)

A

-Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (alogliptin, saxagliptin)
Immunosuppressants (TNF inhibitors - adalimumab, etanercept) and interferons
-Nondihydropyridine CCBs (diltiazem & verapamil “in systolic HF”)
-Antiarrhythmics (Class I agents - quinidine, flecainide [dronedarone]) & (Amiodarone and dofetilide are preferred in patients with HF)
-Thiazolidinediones (increase risk of edema)
-Itraconazole
-Oncology drugs (Anthracyclines “doxorubicin, daunorubicin”)
-NSAIDs (all including celecoxib)

41
Q

What drug classes can increase or prolong the QT interval?

Ch. 32 Arrhythmias (page 490)

A
  • Antiarrhythmics (Class I and Ia) and Class III
  • Antibiotics (Quinolones and Macrolides)
  • Azole Antifungals (all except isavuconazonium)
  • Antidepressants (TCAs - amitriptyline, clomipramine, doxepin; SSRIs - citalopram, escitalopram; sertraline is preferred in cardiac pts; SNRIs - mirtazapine & trazodone)
  • Antiemetic drugs (5-HT3 receptor antagonists, droperidol & phenothiazines)
  • Antipsychotics “most” (chlorpromazine, clozapine, haloperidol, olanzapine, paliperidone, quetiapine, risperidone, thioridazine, ziprasidone)
  • Other drugs (donepezil, fingolimod, methadone, tacrolimus)
42
Q

What drugs can cause hemolytic anemia?

Ch. 35 Anemia (page 531)

A 
Cephalosporins
Dapsone*
Isoniazid
Levodopa 
Methyldopa
Methylene blue*
Nitrofurantoin*
Pegloticase*
Penicillins
Primaquine*
Quinidine 
Quinine 
Rasburicase*
Rifampin
Sulfonamides*

Avoid in G6PD deficiency

43
Q

What are the key vaccines in Sickle Cell Disease?

Ch. 36 Sickle Cell Anemia (page 533)

A 
-----Routine Childhood Series-----
Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)
Pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13, PCV20 Prevnar)

—–Additional Vaccines for Functional Asplenia——
Meningococcal conjugate series plus routine boosters
Meningococcal serogroup B (Bexsero, Trumenba)*
Pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV23,Pneumovax 23)**
Pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13,20,Prevnar) x 1 in any patient ≥ 6 yoa, if never received as a part of routine childhood series

  • at age ≥ 10 yrs
  • *at age ≥ 2 yrs, booster 5 years later and at age ≥ 65 yrs
44
Q

What drugs can increase intraocular pressure (IOP)?

Ch. 38 Common Conditions of the Eyes and Ears (page 549)

A
  • Anticholinergics (oxybutynin, tolterodine, benztropine, trihexyphenidyl, TCAs)
  • Cough, cold & motion sickness medications (antihistamines, scopolamine)
  • Chronic steroids, esp eye drops such as prednisolone (Pred Forte)
  • Topiramate (Topamax)
45
Q

What common drugs are known to cause vision changes or damage?

Ch. 38 Common Conditions of the Eyes and Ears (page 553)

A
  • Retinal changes/retinopathy (Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine)
  • Optic neuropathy (amiodarone “plus corneal deposits,” ethambutol, linezolid)
  • IFIS; causes difficulty in cataract surgery (alpha-blockers “tamsulosin”)
  • Color discrimination (Digoxin “w/ toxicity” - yellow/green vision; PDE-5 (sildenafil) - greenish tinge around objects; Voriconazole - color vision changes)
  • Vision loss/abnormal vision (Digoxin “w/ toxicity” - blurry, halos; PDE-5 - vision loss in one or both eyes “can be permanent;” Isotretinoin - decr. night vision “can be permanent,” dry eyes, irritation; topiramate - visual field defects; Vigabatrin - permanent vision loss “high risk;” voriconazole - abnormal vision, photophobia)
46
Q

What drugs can cause pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)?

Ch. 40 Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (page 573)

A

Cocaine

SSRI use during pregnancy increase risk of persistent pulmonary hypertension of a newborn (PPHN)

Weight Loss drugs (diethylpropion, lorcaserin, phendimetrazine, phentermine)

Methamphetamines/amphetamines

47
Q

What drugs affect blood glucose by increasing it?

Ch. 44 Diabetes (page 631)

A 
Beta-blockers* 
Thiazide & Loop Diuretics
Tacrolimus
Cyclosporine
Protease Inhibitors
Quinolones*
Antipsychotics (olanzapine, quetiapine)
Statins
Steroids (systemic)
Cough syrups
Niacin

*can cause hypo/hyperglycemia

48
Q

What drugs affect blood glucose by decreasing it?

Ch. 44 Diabetes (page 631)

A

Beta-blockers*
Quinolones*
Tramadol

*can cause hypo/hyperglycemia

49
Q

What drugs and conditions can cause hypothyroidism?

Ch. 45 Thyroid Disorders (page 636)

A 
Interferons*
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (sunitinib)
Amiodarone*
Lithium
Carbamazepine

Condition: Hashimoto’s Disease

*can also cause hyperthyroidism

50
Q

What drugs can cause drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE)?

Ch. 46 Systemic Steroids & Autoimmune Conditions (page 652)

A 
Methimazole
Propylthiouracil
Methyldopa
Minocycline
Procainamide
Hydralazine (alone, and in BiDil)
Anti-TNF agents
Terbinafine
Isoniazid
Quinidine

My Pretty Malar Marking Probably Has A TransIent Quality

51
Q

What drug/drug classes are teratogenic (danger in pregnancy)?

Ch. 48 Drugs Use In Pregnancy & Lactation (page 679)

A
  • Acne (Isotretinoin, topical retinoids)
  • Antibiotics* (FQs, tetracyclines)
  • Anticoag (Warfarin)
  • Dyslipidemia, HF & HTN (Statins, RAAS inhibitors “ACEs, ARBs, ARNI”)
  • Hormones (estradiol, progesterone ‘including megestrol,’ raloxifene, Duavee, testosterone, contraceptives)
  • Migraine (dihydroergotamine, ergotamine)
  • Hydroxyurea
  • Lithium
  • MTX
  • Misoprostol
  • NSAIDs
  • Paroxetine
  • Ribavirin
  • Thalidomide
  • Topiramate
  • Weight Loss Drugs
  • Valproic Acid/Divalproex
52
Q

What drug/drug classes can cause erectile dysfunction?

Ch. 50 Sexual Dysfunction (page 698)

A
  • Alcohol
  • Antidepressants (SSRIs/SNRIs)
  • Antihypertensives (b-blockers, clonidine, thiazides)
  • Antipsychotics (1st gen - chlorpromazine; Prolactin-raising 2nd gen - risperidone, paliperidone)
  • BPH medications (finasteride, dutasteride, & silodosin)
53
Q

What drugs can worsen BPH?

Ch. 51 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (page 702)

A

-Centrally-acting anticholinergics (benztropine)
-Anticholinergic classes
==Antihistamines (diphenhydramine)
==Decongestants (PSE, PE)
==Phenothiazines (prochlorperazine)
==TCAs (amitriptyline)
-Caffeine
-Diuretics
-SNRIs
-Testosterone products

54
Q

What drugs can cause CKD?

Ch. 18 Renal Disease (page 294)

A 
Aminoglycosides
Amphotericin B
Cisplatin
Cyclosporine
Loop diuretics 
NSAIDs
Polymyxins
Radiographic contrast dye
Tacrolimus
Vancomycin
55
Q

What drug/drug classes require a decrease dose or increase interval in CKD?

Ch. 18 Renal Disease (page 296)

A
  • Anti-infectives (AMG ↑ dosing interval primarily; Beta-lactams abx ‘except antistaphylococcal PCNs & ceftriaxone;’ fluconazole; FQs ‘except moxi;’ vancomycin)
  • Cardiovascular drugs (LMWH - enoxaparin; AFib = rivaroxaban, apixaban, dabigatran)
  • GERD drugs (H2RAs, metoclopramide)
  • Bisphosphonates
  • Lithium
56
Q

What drugs are contraindicated in CKD?

Ch. 18 Renal Disease (page 296)

A

—–CrCl < 60 mL/min—–
Nitrofurantoin

—–CrCl < 50 mL/min——
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate containing products (Atripla, Complera, Delstrigo, Stribild, Symfi, Symfi Lo)

Voriconazole IV (vesicant)

—–CrCl < 30 mL/min——
Tenofovir alafenamide containing products (Biktarvy, Descovy, Genvoya, Odefsey, Symtuza)

NSAIDs
Dabigatran & Rivaroxaban (DVT/PE)

—–GFR , 30 mL/min/1.73 m^2——-
SGLT2i
Metformin

Meperidine

57
Q

What drugs raise potassium levels?

Ch. 18 Renal Disease (page 300)

A 
ACEis
Aldosterone receptor antagonists
ARBs
ARNI
Canagliflozin
Drospirenone-containing COCs
Potassium-containing IV fluids (including TPNs)
SMX/TMP
Transplant drugs (cyclosporine, everolimus, tacrolimus)
58
Q

What drugs have a Boxed Warning for liver damage?

Ch. 19 Liver Disease & Hepatitis (page 311)

A 
APAP (high doses, acute or chronic)
Amiodarone
Isoniazid
Ketoconazole (PO)
MTX
Nefazodone
NNRTs (esp. nevirapine)
NRTIs
Propylthiouracil
Tipranavir
Valproic Acid

NAPLEX '22 Main Points (11 decks)

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