Key Concepts in Biology Flashcards
What are enzymes?
They break down food to allow our body to absorb nutrients
What factors cause an active site to denature?
If the temperature is too high or acid levels are too low
How do enzymes work?
The active site of an enzyme attaches with a substrate it fits like a lock and key method then when the substrate is released it has been broken down.
What does an animal cell contain?
Cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, cytoplasm
What is in an plant cell?
Ribosomes, cell wall, cell membrane, mitochondria, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts
What is the role of chloroplasts?
Photosynthesis
What is the purpose of the cell wall?
Protection and structure
What are ribosomes responsible for?
Protein synthesis
What does mitochondria do?
Releases energy
What is the purpose of the cell membrane?
To control movement in and out of cells
What does a cytoplasm do?
Holds organelles and where the chemical reactions happen
What is diffusion?
The movement of a substance from an are of high to low concentration for example CO2 to a plant
What is osmosis?
Movement of water from high to low concentration through a semi permeable membrane
What is active transport?
When a particle is too large to pass through the cell membrane
How does the red blood cell differntiate?
It is a concave shape to maximise surface area, they are small to fit through narrow vessels
How does the root hair cell differentiate?
Large surface area to suck up as much as possible
How does an egg cell differentiate?
Large surface area for nutrients, membrane adpats so that no more sperm can enter
How does a sperm cell differentiate?
Has lots of mitochondria to get across and a tail for faster movement.
What is differentation?
When a zygote divides and the differences in each cell are defined
Define an organ
A collection of tissues that all carry out the same function
