Key concepts

Question 1

How is a chemical symbol written?

Answer 1

1. consists of one or two letters
2. always starts with a capital letter with any other letter in lower case

Question 2

How are groups numbered?

Answer 2

1 to 7 then 0

Question 3

How are groups arranged?

Answer 3

Metals are found left and non metals are found on the right.

Question 4

what do chemical formula represent?

Answer 4

they are used to represent and element or compound on the elements they represent.

Question 5

What is a compound?

Answer 5

a chemical union of two or more elements.

Question 6

what does a chemical formula of a compound show?

Answer 6

1. the symbols for each element in compound
2. the number of atoms of each element

Question 7

What is an ion?

Answer 7

a charged particle formed when an atom or group of atoms lose/gains electrons.

Question 8

What are ionic bonds?

Answer 8

a bond from e between two atoms where an electron is transferred from an atom to another.

Question 9

what is an ionic compound?

Answer 9

atoms joined together by ionic bonds (usually contain one metal element)

Question 10

What are reactants?

Answer 10

the substances that react together in a chemical reaction.

Question 11

What are products?

Answer 11

when atoms or ions in reactions join back together in a different way.

Question 12

what is a balanced chemical equation?

Answer 12

written using the symbols and formulae of reactant and products.

Question 13

What is the state symbol of a solid

Answer 13

(s)

Question 14

What is the state symbol of liquid?

Answer 14

(l)

Question 15

What is the state symbol of gas?

Answer 15

(g)

Question 16

What is the state symbol of an aqueous solution?

Answer 16

(aq)

Question 17

What is a hazard symbol?

Answer 17

provides a warning

Question 18

What does corrosive mean?

Answer 18

able to damage metal, clothes and skin.

Question 19

What are examples of corrosion?

Answer 19

strong acids and alkalis

Question 20

what is a precaution?

Answer 20

something that can reduce a risk

Question 21

what is a risk assessment?

Answer 21

working out the likelihood of harm or damage

Question 22

What were daltons ideas?

Answer 22

atoms cannot be broken down
atoms of same element are indentical

Question 23

What is a subatomic particle?

Answer 23

Objects found in atoms.

Question 24

What is an example of subatomic particle?

Answer 24

protons neutrons electrons

Question 25

What is the structure of an atom?

Answer 25

has a central nucleus surrounded by electrons arranged in areas called shells

Question 26

What is a nuclei?

Answer 26

plural of nucleus

Question 27

What is inside nuclei?

Answer 27

subatomic particles

Question 28

What is mass?

Answer 28

the amount of matter an object contains

Question 29

What is an electrical charge?

Answer 29

an imbalance of electrons and protons in a material.

Question 30

How to find out the protons?

Answer 30

atomic number

Question 31

how to find out the number of electrons?

Answer 31

atomic numbers

Question 32

how to find out the number of neutrons?

Answer 32

mass number - atomic numbers

Question 33

what are isotopes?

Answer 33

atoms with the same number of proton and electrons but different neutrons.

Question 34

What is an isotope named after?

Answer 34

is named after the element and the mass number of its atoms.

Question 35

What is a relative atomic masses?

Answer 35

The mean relative mass of the atoms of the different isotopes in an element.

Question 36

What are mass numbers?

Answer 36

always whole numbers

Question 37

What are relative atomic masses?

Answer 37

often rounded to the whole number

Question 38

what are groups on a periodic table?

Answer 38

vertical column in the periodic table containing elements with similar chemical properties.

Question 39

How do metals form positively charged ions

Answer 39

lose electrons

Question 40

How do non-metals form negatively charged ions

Answer 40

gain electrons

Question 41

What are positively charged ions called?

Answer 41

cations

Question 42

What are negatively charged ions called?

Answer 42

anions

Question 43

How do cations and anions form?

Answer 43

when a metal reacts with a non metal

Question 44

What is a ionic lattice?

Answer 44

the original arrangement of ions

Question 45

What is the symbol for Relative formula mass?

Answer 45

Mr

Question 46

What is a metal?

Answer 46

a good conductor of electricity and heat which forms basic oxides

Question 47

What are non-metals?

Answer 47

a bad conductor of electricity and heat which forms acidic oxides

Question 48

What is density?

Answer 48

a measure of compactness and the ratio of mass to volume

Question 49

What is a ductile material?

Answer 49

capable of being draw into thin sheets or wires

Question 50

What is a brittle substance?

Answer 50

easily broken

Question 51

what is a malleable substance?

Answer 51

hard to break

Question 52

What is electrostatic force?

Answer 52

a force of attraction between particles with opposite charges