KEY CLOTTING DISORDERS Flashcards
Most common cause of inherited haemophilia?
Von Willebrand’s disease.
Platelet disorders are typically characterised by what?
Easy bruising + spontaneous bleeding from small vessels.
Coagulation disorders are typically characterised by what?
Bleeding after injury or surgery.
The APTT test is a reflection of which clotting pathway?
The intrinsic pathway.
**Reflects intrinsic pathway and therefore function of platelets.
Vitamin K is needed to synthesis which clotting factors?
II, VII, IX and X.
Common presenting complaints of Von Willebrand disease?
Epistaxis
Easy bruising
Menorrhagia
Bleeding after minor trauma or surgery (e.g. tooth extraction).
Most common inheritance pattern of Von Willebrand disease?
Autosomal dominant.
Clotting profile (PT + APTT) results in Von Willebrand disease?
Prolonged APTT + PT.
Other blood results seen in Von Willebrand disease?
Reduced VIII and reduced Von Willebrand factor.
Deficiency in haemophilia A?
Factor VIII.
Deficiency in haemophilia B?
Factor IX.
Haemophilia inheritance pattern?
X-linked recessive.
Feature of severe haemophilia?
Spontaneous bleeding into joints.
Presentation of haemophilia in neonates?
Intracranial haemorrhage, haematomas + prolonged bleeding after circumcision.
Clotting profile in haemophilia?
APTT prolonged.
PT normal.
Most common inherited thrombophilia?
Activated protein C resistance (Factor V Leiden).
What does thrombocytopenia mean?
Low levels of platelets.
DIC arises due to what?
Systemic activation of coagulation, often as part of an inflammatory response.
PT test assesses which clotting pathway?
Extrinsic and common pathways.
Most common presenting complaints in Von Willebrand disease?
Menorrhagia, post-op bleeding, epistaxis.
Most likely cause of bleeding + thrombosis in a young woman?
Anti-phospholipid 2 syndrome.
Most common inherited thrombophilia?
Factor V Leiden.
How long on LMWH in provoked VTE?
3 months.
How long on LMWH for unprovoked VTE?
6 months.
Treatment for anti-phospholipid syndrome in pregnancy?
Aspirin + LMWH.
Management in a minor allergic reaction to a blood transfusion?
Stop transfusion temporarily and give anti-histamine.
Management of anaphylaxis caused by a blood transfusion?
Terminate transfusion + give IM adrenaline.
Blood clotting results in haemophilia?
Prolonged APTT.
PT, bleeding time and thrombin time all normal.
Transfusions of packed red cells can cause what electrolyte abnormality?
Hyperkalaemia.
Most common cause of isolated thrombocytopenia?
ITP.
Grossly elevated APTT?
Haemophilia (B)
Universal donor of FFP?
AB negative
Pentad of symptoms and signs suggesting TTP?
Fever Neurological signs Thrombocytopenia Haemolytic anaemia Renal failure
