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**Rapid Review** > Key associations > Flashcards

Key associations Flashcards

1
Q

Ovarian mets from gastric carcinoma or breast cancer

A

Krukenberg tumor (mucin-secreting signet ring cells)

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1
Q

Primary liver cancer

A

HCC (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, alpha1-antitrypsin def’y)

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2
Q

SIADH

A

Small cell carcinoma of lung

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3
Q

Acute gastric ulcer associated wtih severe burns

A

Curling ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa)

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3
Q

Bacterial meningitis in kids

A

Strep pneumo

Neisseria meningitidis

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4
Q

Site of atherosclerosis

A

Abdominal aorta > Coronary artery > Popliteal artery > Carotid artery

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5
Q

HLA-B27

A

Ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, ulcerative colitis, psoriatic arthritis

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5
Q

Tumor of adrenal medulla (kids)

A

Neuroblastoma (malignant)

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5
Q

Tumor of adrenal medulla (adults)

A

Pheochromocytoma (usually benign)

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6
Q

Acute gastric ulcer assoc w/CNS injury

A

Cushing ulcer (increased ICP stimulates vagal gastric secretion)

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7
Q

Nephrotic syndrome - kids

A

MCD

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8
Q

Infections in CGD

A

Staph aureus, E Coli, Aspergillus (Catalase +)

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8
Q

t(8;14)

A

Burkitt lymphoma (c-myc activation)

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10
Q

Cardiac manifestation of lupus

A

Libman-Sacks endocarditis (nonbacterial, affects both sides of mitral valve)

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10
Q

Thyroid cancer

A

Papillary carcinoma

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11
Q

Brain tumors - adults

A

Supratentorial: mets>astrocytoma (including GBM)>meningioma>schwannoma

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12
Q

Brain tumors - kids

A

Infratentorial: Medulloblastoma (cerebellum) or supratentorial: Cranopharyngioma

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12
Q

Gynecologic malignancy

A

Endometrial carcinoma (most common in US)

Cervical carcinoma (most common world wide)

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12
Q

Recurrent inflammation/thrombosis of small/medium vessels in extremities

A

Buerger disease

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13
Q

Malignancy - kids

A

ALL, medulloblastoma (cerebellum)

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13
Q

Primary hyperaldosteronism

A

Adenoma of adrenal cortex

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14
Q

Cushing syndrome

A
  • Iatrogenic cushing (from steroid therapy)
  • Adrenocortical adenoma (secretes excess cortisol)
  • ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma
  • Paraneoplastic Cushing (due to ACTH secretion by tumors)
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15
Q

Glomerulonephritis (adults)

A

Berger disease (IgA nephropathy)

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15
Q

Nephrotic syndrome - Adults

A

FSGS

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16
Q

Lysosomal storage disease

A

Gaucher disease

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17
Q

Congenital heart murmur

A

MVP

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17
Q

Hypopituitarism

A

Pituitary adenoma (usually benign tumor)

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17
Q

Ovarian tumor (benign, bilateral)

A

Serous cystadenoma

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19
Q

Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia

A

Dubin-Johnson syndrome

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20
Q

Mets to bone

A

Prostate, breast> Lung > Thyroid

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22
Q

Food poisoning - exotoxin

A

S. aureus, B. cereus

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23
Q

Type of non-Hodgkin

A

Diffuse large cell

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24
Q

Pulmonary HTN

A

COPD

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25
Q

Bleeding disorder with Gp1b deficiency

A

Bernard-Soulier syndrome (defect in plt adhesion to vWF)

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26
Q

Pateint with ALL/CLL/AML/CML

A

ALL: Child

CLL: Adult >60

AML: Adult ~65

CML: Adult 30-60

28
Q

CAH with hypotension

A

21-hydroxylase deficiency

29
Q

Renal tumor

A

RCC: Associated with VHL and cigarettes

Paraneoplastic syndromes (EPO, renin, PTH, ACTH)

30
Q

Hereditary harmless jaundice

A

Gilbert syndrome (benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)

31
Q

S3

A

Increased ventricular filling

(L-R shunt, MR, LV failure)

31
Q

Stomach cancer

A

Adenocarcinoma

32
Q

Osteomyelitis w/IVDU

A

Pseudomonas, S aureus

34
Q

Arch of aorta aneurysm

A

Tertiary syphilis, vasa vasorum destruction

36
Q

Cardiac tumor - adults

A

Mets, Primary myxoma (ball and valve, LA>RA)

37
Q

Rhabdomyoma

A

Tuberous sclerosis

38
Q

HLA-DR3 or DR4

A

DM Type 1

RA

SLE

39
Q

Nosocomial pneumonia

A

Klebsiella, E coli, Pseudomonas

40
Q

Mets to liver

A

Colon >> Stomach, pancreas

40
Q

Site of diverticula

A

Sigmoid colon

41
Q

Primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma

42
Q

S4

A

Stiff/hypertrophic ventricle (AS, Restrictive cardiomyopathy)

43
Q

Testicular tumor

A

Seminoma (malignant, radiosensitive)

44
Q

Esophageal cancer

A

SCC - worldwide

Adeno - US

45
Q

Mets to brain

A

Lung > Breast > GU > Melanoma > GI

46
Q

Infection secondary to blood transfusion

A

Hepatitis C

48
Q

Actinic keratosis

A

Precursor to SCC

49
Q

t(14;18)

A

Follicular lymphoma (bcl-2 activation)

51
Q

Myocarditis

A

Coxsackie B

52
Q

t(9;22)

A

Philadelphia chromosome, CML

53
Q

Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis

A

Mitral> Aortic (rheumatic fever)

Tricuspid (IV drug abuse)

54
Q

Holosystolic murmur

A

VSD, TR, MR

55
Q

Ejection click

A

Aortic/Pulmonic stenosis

57
Q

Kidney stones

A

Calcium = radiopaque

Struvite (ammonium) = radiopaque (formed by urease + organisms like proteus and staph)

Uric acid = radiolucent

58
Q

Death in CML

A

Blast crisis

60
Q

Ovarian tumor (malignant)

A

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

62
Q

Coronary artery involved in thrombosis

A

LAD>RCA>LCA

63
Q

Neuron migration failure

A

Kallmann syndrome

64
Q

Death in SLE

A

Lupus nephropathy

65
Q

Type of Hodgkin

A

Nodular sclerosis (vs mixed cellularity, lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion)

66
Q

Pituitary tumor

A

Prolactioma

Somatotrophic acidophilic adenoma

67
Q

Cerebellar tonsillar herniation

A

Chiari II malformation

69
Q

Autoimmune chronic atrophic gastritis

A

Predisposition to gastric carcinoma (can also cause pernicious anemia)

70
Q

Malignancy associated with noninfectious fever

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

72
Q

RHF due to a pulmonary cause

A

Cor pulmonale

73
Q

Primary bone tumor (adults)

A

Multiple myeloma

74
Q

Helminth infection (US)

A

Enterobius vermicularis

Ascaris lumbricoides

75
Q

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Hypocalcemia of chronic kidney disease

76
Q

Constrictive pericarditis

A

TB (developing world)

SLE (developed world)

77
Q

Opening snap

A

Mitral stenosis

78
Q

Ascending aorta aneurysm

A

Marfan (cystic medial degeneration)

79
Q

Cardiac primary tumor in kids

A

Rhabdomyoma

Often seen in tuberous sclerosis

80
Q

Philadelphia chromosome

A

t(9;22) bcr-abl

CML

81
Q

Secondary hypertension

A

Renal disease

82
Q

UTI

A

E Coli

Staph saprophyticus

83
Q

Mitral valve stenosis

A

Rheumatic heart disease

84
Q

Mixed UMN and LMN motor neuron disease

A

ALS

**Rapid Review** (4 decks)

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