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**Rapid Review** > Classic Labs/Findings > Flashcards

Classic Labs/Findings Flashcards

1
Q

Onion skin periosteal reaction

A

Ewing sarcoma

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2
Q

Hair on end appearance on xray

A

Beta-thalessemia, Sickle cell anemia

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2
Q

Wire loop glomerular capillary appearance on light microscopy

A

Lupus nephropathy

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3
Q

Antidesmoglein antibodies

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

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4
Q

Decreased AFP in amniotic fluid or maternal serum

A

Down syndrome

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4
Q

Thyroid like appearance of kidney

A

Chronic bacterial pyelonephritis

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5
Q

Soap bubble in femur or tibia on xray

A

Giant cell tumor of bone

Generally benign

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6
Q

Podocyte fusion or effacement on EM

A

Minimal change disease

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7
Q

Intranuclear eosinophilic droplet-like bodies

A

Cowdry Type A bodies (HSV or CMV)

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8
Q

Rectangular crystal like cytoplasmic inclusions in Leydig cells

A

Reinke crystals (Leydig cell tumor)

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9
Q

Lumpy bumpy appearance of glomeruli on IF

A

PSGN (immune complex deposition of IgG and C3b)

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10
Q

Glomerulus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells

A

Schiller-Duval bodies (yolk sac tumor)

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11
Q

Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils

A

Homer-Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma)

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12
Q

Optochin response

A

Sensitive: Strep pneumo

Resistant: Virdans strep

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13
Q

Anti GBM antibodies

A

Goodpastures

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14
Q

Antiplatelet antibodies

A

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

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14
Q

Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy

A

Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)

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14
Q

Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions

A

Reed-Sternberg cells (Hodgkin lymphoma)

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14
Q

Heterophile antibodies

A

EBV

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14
Q

Hilar lymphadenopathy

Peripheral granulomatous lesion in middle or lower lung lobes (Can calcify)

A

Ghon complex

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14
Q

Increased uric acid levels

A

Gout

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

Tumor lysis

Loop & Thiazide diuretics

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14
Q

Linear appearance of IgG deposition on glomerular basement membrane

A

Goodpasture syndrome

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14
Q

Lytic hole punched bone lesions on xray

A

Multiple myeloma

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14
Q

Mucin filled cell with peripheral nucleus

A

Signet ring (gastric carcinoma)

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14
Q

RBC casts in urine

A

Acute glomerulonephritis

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15
Q

Apple core lesion on axr

A

Colorectal Cancer

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17
Q

Basophilic stippling of RBCs

A

Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia

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18
Q

Bacitracin response

A

Sensitive: Strep pyogenes (Group A)

Resistant: Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B)

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19
Q

Large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes + immunodeficiency

A

Chediak-Higashi

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20
Q

Polished ivory-like appearance of bone at cartilage erosion

A

Eburnation (osteoarthritis resulting in bony sclerosis)

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21
Q

Heart nodules (Granulomatous)

A

Aschoff bodies (rheumatic fever)

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22
Q

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies

A

MPO-ANCA/p-ANCA: MPA and Churg Strauss

c-ANCA/PR-3 Anca: Wegener

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22
Q

Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis

A

Granulomatosis with Polyangitis (wegener; cANCA)

Goodpasture syndrome (anti-GBM antibodies)

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23
Q

Eosinophilic globule in liver

A

Councilman body (toxic or viral hepatitis, often yellow fever)

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24
Q

Yellowish CSF

A

Xanthrochromia

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25
Q

Thrombi made of white/red layers

A

Lines of Zahn (arterial thrombus, layers of platelets/RBCs)

26
Q

Renal epithelial casts in urine

A

Acute toxic/viral renal injury

27
Q

Protein aggregates in neuron from hyperphosphorylation of tau protein

A

Neurofibrillary tangles (Alzheimer) and Pick bodies (Pick disease)

28
Q

High levels of D-dimers

A

DVT, PE, DIC

29
Q

Antinuclear antibodies (Anti-Smith, anti-dsDNA)

A

SLE (type III HS)

30
Q

Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid

A

Call-Exner bodies (Granulosa-Theca cell tumor of ovary)

32
Q

Antihistone antibodies

A

Drug-induced SLE (Hydralazine, INH, phenytoin, procainamide)

33
Q

Antimitochondrial antibodies

A

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

34
Q

WBCs that look smudged

A

CLL (almost always B cell)

35
Q

Anti-topoisomerase antibodies

A

Diffuse systemic scleroderma

37
Q

Branching gram + rods w/sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces Israelii

38
Q

Bloody tap on LP

39
Q

Spikes on BM, dome like subepithelial deposits

A

Membranous glomerulonephritis

40
Q

Silver staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons

A

Pick bodies

41
Q

Azurophilic peroxidase positive granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts

A

Auer rods

(AML - especially PML type M3)

42
Q

Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging

A

Pancoast tumor

43
Q

Increased AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

A

Dating error, anencephaly, spina bifida

44
Q

Novobiocin response

A

Sensitive: Staph epidermidis

Resistant: Staph saprophyticus

45
Q

Waxy casts with low urine flow

A

Chronic ESRD

47
Q

Elevated hCG

A

Choriocarcinoma

Hydatidiform mole (+/- embryo, multiple pregnancy)

48
Q

Nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli

A

Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules (diabetic nephropathy)

49
Q

Dysplastic squamous cervical cells w/nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia

A

Koilocytes (HPV)

50
Q

Thumb sign on lateral xray

A

Epiglottitis (H Flu)

51
Q

Brown tumor of bone

A

Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica

52
Q

Desquamated epithlium casts in sputum

A

Curschmann spirals

(Bronchial asthma - can result in whorled mucus plugs)

54
Q

Psamomma bodies

A
  1. Meningioma
  2. Papillary thyroid carcinoma
  3. Mesothelioma
  4. Papillary serous carcinoma of endometrium and ovary
55
Q

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell

A

Mallory body (alcoholic liver disease)

56
Q

Narrowing of bowel lumen on barium xray

A

String sign (Crohn disease)

58
Q

Lead pipe colon on barium enema

A

Ulcerative colitis (loss of haustra)

60
Q

Hexagonal, double-pointed, needle-like crystals in bronchial secretions

A

Bronchial asthma (Charcot-Leyden crystals: Eosinophilic granules)

61
Q

Keratin pearls on skin biopsy

62
Q

Iron-containing nodules in alveolar sputum

A

Ferruginous bodies (asbestosis: Increased chance of mesothelioma)

63
Q

Enlarged thyroid cells with ground-glass nuceli

A

Orphan Annie eyes nuclei - papillary carcinoma of thyroid

64
Q

t[8;14]

A

Burkitt lymphoma

C-myc activation

66
Q

Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra

A

Parkinson disease

67
Q

Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

A

Howell-Jolly bodies (due to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen)

68
Q

Pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy

A

Glioblastoma multiforme

70
Q

Migrating DVTs and vasculitis

A

Trousseau syndrome - adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung

71
Q

Stippled vaginal epithelial cells

A

Clue cells (Gardnerella vaginalis)

72
Q

Periostum raised from bone, creating triangular area

A

Codman triangle on x-ray (osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, pyogenic osteomyelitis)

73
Q

Anti-IgG antibodies

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

74
Q

Hypochromic microcytic anemia

A

Iron deficiency anemia

Lead poisoning

Thalessemia

75
Q

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell

A

Lewy body (Parkinson disease)

77
Q

Hypertension, HypoK, metabolic alkalosis

A

Conn syndrome

78
Q

Mammary gland (blue domed) cyst

A

Fibrocystic change of breast

79
Q

Rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent

A

Pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals)

80
Q

Trousseau syndrome

A

Adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung that causes hypercoaguability

81
Q

Anticentromere antibodies

A

CREST Scleroderma

82
Q

Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebellar nerve cells

A

Negri bodies of rabies

84
Q

Monoclonal antibody spike

A
  • Multiple myeloma
  • MGUS
  • Waldenstrom (IgM)
  • Primary amyloidosis
85
Q

WBC casts in urine

A

Pyelonephritis

86
Q

Tram-track appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement membranes on light microscopy

A

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

87
Q

Nutmeg appearance of liver

A

Chronic passive congestion of liver due to RHF

**Rapid Review** (4 decks)

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