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Chemistry S3: Unit 1 Chemical changes and Structure > Key Area 4: Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Key Area 4: Acids and Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

The pH scale

A

runs from below 0 to above 14

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2
Q

A neutral solution has

A

equal concentrations of H+ (aq) and OH - (aq) ions

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3
Q

The symbol = with the arrows means

A

a reaction is reversable

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4
Q

Bases

A

Alkalis (metal hydroxides)
metal oxides
metal carbonates

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5
Q

All acids contain

A

hydrgoen ions H+

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6
Q

All alkalis contain

A

Hydroxide ions OH-

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7
Q

If you dilute an acid by a factor of 10

A

the pH goes up by 1

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8
Q

If you dilute an alkali by a factor of 10

A

the pH goes down by 1

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9
Q

Conducting liquids and solutions are called

A

Electrolytes (conducting liquid)

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10
Q

The three stages of a method

A

Neutralisation
Filtration
Evaporation (crystallisation)

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11
Q

Base equation

A

Base + Acid —> Salt + Water

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12
Q

Carbonate equation

A

Acid + Metal carbonate –> Salt + Carbon Dioxie + water

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13
Q

Carbonates of group 1 are soluble

A

therefore alkalis

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14
Q

A good indicator will produce a

A

sudden sharp colour change

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15
Q

Strong acids

A

pH less than 2

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16
Q

weak acids

A

pH 3-6

17
Q

neutral

A

pH 7

18
Q

strong alkali

A

pH 12 and above

19
Q

pH can only be measured if?

A

water is present

20
Q

the exact point where neutralisation occurs?

A

end-point

21
Q

Acid

A

Anything with a pH less than 7

22
Q

Base

A

Neutralises acids, resulting in the pH of the acid increasing towards 7, and water being produced

23
Q

Which type of oxides dissolve in water to form an acidic solution?

A

Non-métal oxides

24
Q

Which type of oxides dissolve in water to form a neutral solution?

A

None

25
Q

Which type of oxides dissolve in water to form a alkali solution?

A

Metal oxides

26
Q

Name three metal bases

A

Metal oxides
Metal carbonates
Metal hydroxides

27
Q

Metal oxide + acid —>

A

Salt + water

28
Q

Metal hydroxide + acid —>

A

Salt + water

29
Q

Metal carbonate + acid —>

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

30
Q

What are spectator ions?

A

Ions that do not take part in reaction, remain unchanged

31
Q

Acidic solutions have a higher concentration of?

A

Hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions, and have a pH below 7

32
Q

Alkaline solutions have a higher concentration of?

A

Hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions, and have a pH above 7

Chemistry S3: Unit 1 Chemical changes and Structure (8 decks)

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