Key Area 2: Atomic Structure

Question 1

Group 1?

Answer 1

Alkali metals

Question 2

Group 2?

Answer 2

Alkaline earth metals

Question 3

Group 7?

Answer 3

Halogens

Question 4

Group 8?

Answer 4

Noble gases

Question 5

Two elements liquid at room temp?

Answer 5

Bromine and Mercury

Question 6

Protons location and charge?

Answer 6

Nucleus, 1+

Question 7

Neutrons location and charge?

Answer 7

Nucleus, 0

Question 8

Electrons location and charge?

Answer 8

In shells orbiting nucleus, 1-

Question 9

Equal numbers of?

Answer 9

Protons and electrons

Question 10

Mass number?

Answer 10

Top, protons + neutrons

Question 11

Atomic number?

Answer 11

Bottom, protons

Question 12

First shell?

Answer 12

2 electrons

Question 13

Second shell?

Answer 13

8 electrons

Question 14

Third shell?

Answer 14

8 electrons

Question 15

Ions

Answer 15

when there is an imbalance of the no. of positive protons and negative electrons

Question 16

Mass no. - atomic no. =

Answer 16

neutrons

Question 17

metal Atoms loose electrons ions form?

Answer 17

positive charge (ion)

Question 18

non-metal Atoms gain electrons ions form?

Answer 18

negative charge (ion)

Question 19

Isotopes

Answer 19

have the same atomic no. but their mass number can be different

Question 20

RAM

Answer 20

Relative Atomic Mass is the average mass of an atom in an element taking into account their relative proportions

Question 21

Atoms can be represented by?

Answer 21

Nuclide notation

Question 22

Covalent bond forms between?

Answer 22

Non-metal atoms, forms when two positive nuclei are held together by their common attraction for a shared pair of electrons

Question 23

The shape of simple covalent molecules depends?

Answer 23

On the number of bonds shared, these molecules described as linear, angular, trigonal pyramidal or tetrahedral.

Question 24

Covalent molecular substances

Answer 24

have strong covalent bonds within the molecules and only weak attractions between the molecules

have low melting and boiling points as only weak forces of attraction between the molecules are broken when a substance changes state

do not conduct electricity because they do not have charged particles which are free to move

CMS which are insoluble in water may dissolve in other substances

Question 25

Covalent network structures

Answer 25

have a network of strong covalent bonds within one giant structure

have a very high melting points because the network of strong covalent bonds is not easily broken

do not dissolve

in general, they do not conduct electricity, because they do not have charged particles which are free to move

Question 26

Ionic compounds

Answer 26

form lattice structures

have high melting and boiling points because strong ionic bonds must be broken in order to break up the lattice

soluble in water

Question 27

Elements within a group share similar chemical properties because they have?

Answer 27

The same number of electrons in their outer energy levels