Key Area 3.2 Flashcards
What is perception?
The process by which the brain analyses and makes sense out of incoming sensory information
What are the three areas of perception?
segregation of objects, perception of distance, recognition.
What does object segregation involve?
Perception of figure, ground and the organisation of stimuli into coherent patterns.
What does object segregation rely on?
Visual cues such as relative size, superimposition and relative height in the field of view.
What is perception of distance affected by?
Binocular disparity and perceptual constancy.
What can inference help?
Optimal perception of uncertain images.
What is perceptual set?
A group of expectations based on past experiences and context, which affect how a stimulus is perceived.
What does memory involve?
the storage, retention, and retrieval of information
What does memory include?
past experiences, knowledge and thoughts
What does all memory entering the brain pass through?
The sensory memory and enters the short term memory
What happens to items in the short term memory?
It is either transferred to long term memory or discarded
What is memory span?
The number of discrete items such as letters, words or numbers that the STM can hold
What is the serial position effect?
The tendency of a person to recall the first and last items in a series best, and the middle items the worst
How can items be retained in the STM?
By rehearsal
How can STM be improved?
By chunking, in which the items to be remembered are put in clusters based on the items semantic relatedness or perceptual features.
