Key Area 3 - Reproduction

Question 1

What is reproduction?

Answer 1

The addition of new members to a species

Question 2

What happens to the population when the reproduction rate is greater than the death rate?

Answer 2

The population numbers will increase

Question 3

What happens to the population when the reproduction rate is less than the death rate?

Answer 3

The population numbers will decrease

Question 4

What is a haploid cell? give an example

Answer 4

They have only one set of chromosomes.

Gametes are an example of this

Question 5

How many chromosomes do sperm and egg cells have?

Answer 5

23

Question 6

Where is the female gamete, an ovum, released from and where is it fertilised?

Answer 6

Released from an ovary and is fertilised in the upper part of the oviduct

Question 7

What happens if the egg is not fertilised in the upper part of the oviduct?

Answer 7

The developing zygote will not implant in the uterus wall and will pass out of the female body as a part of her menstrual period

Question 8

Why do flowers release their male and female gametes at different times?

Answer 8

To prevent self-fertilisation

Question 9

What happens during fertilisation?

Answer 9

The sperm’s nucleus enters the egg and fuses with the nucleus of the egg

Question 10

What is the process of pollination?

Answer 10

Pollen grains being transported from one flower to another

Question 11

What happens after fertilisation in a plant?

Answer 11

The ovule develops into the seed

The ovary develops into the fruit

Question 12

Explain the process of fertilisation in plants?

Answer 12

Once a pollen grain lands on the stigma, it forms a pollen tube which grows down towards the ovary, this enables the nucleus of the pollen grain to reach the nucleus of the ovule for fertilisation to occur

Question 13

Explain the process of fertilisation in humans.

Answer 13

[when sperm reaches egg] the sperm’s nucleus enters the egg and fuses with the nucleus of the egg. This produces a zygote (single cell), which is diploid. This occurs, is humans, in the oviduct. The fusing of the nuclei is fertilisation, and it is a random process

Question 14

In plants, what is the name of the female sex cell and the organ it is being produced by?

Answer 14

Ovule, produced by the ovary

Question 15

In plants, what is the name of the male sex cell and the organ it is being produced by?

Answer 15

Pollen grain, produced by the anther