Key Area 1.5&1.6- Structure of the Genome and Mutation

Question 1

Chromosome mutation in which a sequence of genes is lost from a chromosome.

Answer 1

Deletion of genes

Question 2

Single gene mutation involving removal of a nucleotide from a sequence.

Answer 2

Deletion of nucleotides

Question 3

Chromosome mutation in which a sequence of genes is repeated on a chromosome.

Answer 3

Duplication

Question 4

Total genetic material present in an organism.

Answer 4

Genome

Question 5

Single gene mutation in which an additional nucleotide is placed into a sequence.

Answer 5

Insertion

Question 6

Chromosome mutation in which a set of genes rotates through 180 degrees.

Answer 6

Inversion

Question 7

Random changes to DNA sequences.

Answer 7

Mutations

Question 8

DNA sequence that does not encode protein.

Answer 8

Non-coding sequence

Question 9

Failure of spindle fibres to separate chromosomes during cell division.

Answer 9

Non-disjunction

Question 10

Possession of extra sets of chromosomes.

Answer 10

Polyploidy

Question 11

Mutation at a point where coding and non-coding regions meet in a section of DNA.

Answer 11

Splice-site mutation

Question 12

Single gene mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another.

Answer 12

Substitution.

Question 13

Mutation in which part of a chromosome becomes attached to another.

Answer 13

Translocation