Key area 1.4 - Proteins

Question 1

What are the 5 types of proteins ?

Answer 1

Structural
Enzymes
Hormones
Antibodies
Receptors

Question 2

What are enzymes ?

Answer 2

They are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions while remaining unchanged meaning they be used over and over again

Question 3

Describe and enzyme active site

Answer 3

This is where the reaction occurs

The shape of the active site of a molecule is complementary to a specific substrate

A substrate is the molecule that the enzyme works on

Question 4

Name and describe the two types of enzyme reaction

Answer 4

Degradation Reaction - When a larger molecule is broken down into something smaller

Synthesis Reaction - When smaller molecules are built up into something bigger

Question 5

Name two factors that affect enzyme activity

Answer 5

PH

Temperature

Question 6

Describe optimum conditions

Answer 6

Each enzyme has its own set of optimum conditions

These are the conditions it’s most active in

If the conditions are altered it affects the rate at which the enzyme works

Question 7

Describe denaturing enzymes

Answer 7

If the temperature and PH changes sufficiently beyond an enzymes optimum the shape of the enzyme irreversibly changes

This means the enzyme is denatured

This affects the shape of the active site and will affect the rate of reaction