Key area 1.3 - DNA and proteins

Question 1

What is a gene ?

Answer 1

A section of a chromosome which codes for a protein

Question 2

What are the four bases called ?

What are their pairs ?

Answer 2

Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine

Pairs

A + T

C + G

Question 3

What’s a genetic code for ?

Answer 3

To instruct the cells to make specific proteins

Question 4

What does DNA do ?

Answer 4

It carries the instructions for making proteins

These proteins control our characteristics and form enzymes, muscles, bones + hormones

Question 5

What are proteins made up of ?

How many bases code for them ?

Answer 5

They’re made up of chains of amino acids

Three bases code for one amino acid

Question 6

The sequence of bases in DNA is different for each protein

True or False ?

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

DNA leaves the nucleus

True or False ?

Answer 7

FALSE

Question 8

What’s the purpose of mRNA ?

Answer 8

To carry a complementary copy of the DNA from the nucleus to the ribosome so that proteins can be made