Key Area 1.1 - Cell Structure Flashcards
Unicellular or Multicellular
Organisms made of a single cell such as bacteria are unicellular
Organisms made of many cells such as animals and plants are multicellular
Name the components of an Animal Cell
Ribosomes Nucleus Cell membrane Cytoplasm Mitochondria
Name the components of a plant cell
Vacuole Ribosome Nucleus Chloroplast Cytoplasm Cell membrane Mitochondria Cell wall - cellulose
Name the components of a fungi/yeast cell
Ribosomes Nucleus Vacuole Mitochondria Cell membrane Cytoplasm Cell wall - chitin
Name the components of a bacteria cell
Large circular DNA molecule (chromatid) Ribosomes Plasmid Cytoplasm Cell membrane Cell wall - peptidoglycan
What are organelles
These are membrane bound components with a specific function
Ribosomes and plasmids ARE NOT organelles
Yeast cells in yeast industries
Fermentation
Sugar -> Carbon dioxide + Ethanol
Bread making
Brewing
Biofuels
Bacteria cells in bacteria industries
Fermentation
Lactose sugar -> Lactose acid
Brewing Biofuel production Sewage treatment decay Yoghurt Cheese
What is the cell wall
A freely permeable layer surrounding the cell membrane. It supports and strengthens the cell giving it a rigid shape
P F B
What is the ultrastructure of a cell?
The ultrastructure of a cell is its fine structure revealed at high magnification
What is the cell membrane
A selectively permeable double layer or lipid and protein molecules
Controls the entry and exit of materials
A P F B
What is the cytoplasm
Fluid enclosed by the cell containing organelles and ribosomes.
The site of chemical reactions
A P F B
What is the mitochondria
Rod shaped structures
The main site of ATP production in aerobic respiration
A P F
What are chloroplasts
Disc shaped structures
Contains green pigments called chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis
P
What is the vacuole
Compartment that stores salts and sugary cell sap
Controls the cells water balance
P F
