Ketone Body Metabolism

Question 0

Nutritional States conducive to ketogenesis

Answer 0

during high rates of FA oxidation (starvation/prolonged exercise), primarily in liver, large amounts of acetyl-CoA are generated

Question 1

Location of ketogenesis

Answer 1

mitochondria

Question 2

Excess acetyl CoA exceeds capacity of _____ and _____ ensues.

Answer 2

TCA cycle; ketogenesis

Question 3

1st step ketone body metabolism

Answer 3

conversion of 2 acetyl CoA—->acetoacetyl-CoA

Question 4

2nd step of ketone body metabolism

Answer 4

acetoacetyl CoA—>HMG-CoA

enz: HMG CoA synthase
* *RL step

Question 5

3rd step KB metab

Answer 5

HMG CoA–>Acetoacetate

Question 6

4th step KB metab

Answer 6

Acetoacetate–>Acetone or Beta hydroxybutyrate (production of ketone bodies)

Question 7

Utilization of ketone bodies for energy

Answer 7

acetoacetate–> acetoacetyl CoA
enz: thiophorase
(can’t occur in liver bc lack of thiophorase)

Question 8

Ketogenic diet

Answer 8

high fat, adequate protein, low carbs

• treatment for epilepsy in children
• induces state of ketosis

Question 9

possible mechanism for ketogenic diet as epilepsy treatment

Answer 9

increased ketosis increases GABA.

GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter

Question 10

Liver

Answer 10

major ketogenic organ, but cannot utilize KBs for energy