eicosanoids

Question 0

Members of eicosanoid family

Answer 0

protanoids, leukotrines, endocanabanoids

Question 1

Fatty acid precursor determines

Answer 1

the eicosanoid produced

Question 2

3 Protanoids

Answer 2

Prostaglandins, thromboxanes, prostacyclins

Question 3

Prostaglandin structure

Answer 3

20 carbons, carboxyl group at C1, C8-C12 form 5-membered ring, hydroxyl/keto groups at 9&11, hydroxyl at 15, trans double bond at 13&14

Question 4

Thromboxane structure

Answer 4

6 membered carbon ring containing an O atom, substituents attached to 9&10 carbon atom, for thromboxane A2:an O atom connects C9 & C11

Question 5

Phospholipase C

Answer 5

RL enzyme for eicosanoid synthesis in platelets

Question 6

Phospholipase A2

Answer 6

rate limiting enzyme for prostaglandins; frees up FA precursor from membrane, produces arachidonic acid

Question 7

major eicosanoid precursor

Answer 7

arachidonic acid

Question 8

using the enzyme lipoxygenase, archidonic acid is converted to

Answer 8

leukotrines

Question 9

using the enzyme Cox (1&2), arachidonic acid is converted to

Answer 9

prostaglandines

Question 10

cox 1 produces

Answer 10

thrombaxane A2

Question 11

cox 2 produces

Answer 11

prostacyclin

Question 12

where is thromboxane located?

Answer 12

platelets

Question 13

What is the function of thromboxane?

Answer 13

promotes platelet aggregation & vasoconstriction upon vascular injury
-induces thrombosis

Question 14

where is prostacyclin located?

Answer 14

vascular endothelial cells

Question 15

what is the function of prostacyclin?

Answer 15

stimulates vasodilation & impedes thrombosis

Question 16

Thromboxane and prostacyclin _______ & control

Answer 16

oppose one another & control thrombosis

Question 17

action of aspirin

Answer 17

covalently acetylates COX1&2

Question 18

effect of aspirin on COX1

Answer 18

COX1 becomes inactivated (antithrombotic)

Question 19

what is the effect of aspirin on COX 2?

Answer 19

turns off cox2’s ability to produce prostaglandins

-has an anti-inflammatory, pro-resolution effect

Question 20

do levels of TXA2 or PG12 recover more quickly and why?

Answer 20

PG12 because endothelial cells are nucleated

Question 21

Arachidnoic acid is a precursor for _____ which is a precursor for _____.

Answer 21

anandamide; endocannabinoids

Question 22

glutamate is

Answer 22

a neurotransmitter involved in addiction and pain control

Question 23

Anandamide regulates the release of

Answer 23

glutamate

Question 24

target for pain control drugs

Answer 24

FAAH inhibitors (to block anadamide breakdown)

Question 25

used for addiction control

Answer 25

cannabidiol

Question 26

cannabidiol is

Answer 26

an anandamide reuptake inhibitor

Question 27

action of cannabidiol

Answer 27

decreases glutamate release, thereby making substance abuse less rewarding