Katzung 12th ed - Chapter 50 - Metronidazole, Disinfectants (2)

Question 1

Name some anaerobes that are susceptible to metronidazole.

Answer 1

Bacteroides, Clostridium, Trichomonas, Giardia, Amoebiasis.

Question 2

Describe the distribution of metronidazole in tissues.

Answer 2

Metronidazole is widely distributed, and penetrates well into CSF.

Question 3

What is the route of metabolism of metronidazole?

Answer 3

Hepatic.

Question 4

Name some routes of administration of metronidazole (up to four)

Answer 4

Oral, IV, rectal suppository, vaginal gel (for vaginitis).

Question 5

Half-life of metronidazole?

Answer 5

7 hours.

Question 6

One side effect of metronidazole?

Answer 6

Metallic taste in the mouth.

Question 7

What is the definition of an antiseptic?

Answer 7

An antiseptic is a disinfectant with sufficiently low toxicity to allow use directly on the skin, mucous membranes and wounds.

Question 8

What is autoclaving?

Answer 8

Sterilisation using pressurised steam at 120 degrees for 20 minutes.

Question 9

What type of disinfectant is required to clean a room contaminated with Clostridium difficile spores?

Answer 9

Concentrated bleach (5000ppm) – which is chlorine. Alcohol should not be used because it would not kill the spores.