Kaplan Q bank Flashcards
what muscles are innvervated by median nerve?
Thenar muscles (abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis and flexor pollicis brevis) and first two lombricals
5 conditions of 1ry cyanotic babies
- Persistant truncus arteriosus
- Transposition of the great vessels
- Tricuspid atresia
- Tetrology of fallot
- total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
WAGR syndrome
Wilms tumor, aniridia, genital anomalies and mental retardation
beaded pattern angiography of renal arteries
fibromuscular dysplasia (adult females are sx)
Amyloid AA
Secondary amyloidosis (autoimune, chronic infection) deposition in the kidney, spleen, liver and nephrotic syndrome
Amyloid AB
Alzheimers
Amyloid AL (ATTR)
Primary amyloidosis. (Alpha light chain)
Locked in syndrome
medial pons. basilar artery
Stoke Volume
End diastolic-End systolic
End Diastolic Volume
Volume in the ventricle before ejection, measure of fiber lenght
End Systolic Volume
Volume in the Ventricle after ejection
Ejection Fraction
Stroke Volume/End diastolic (55-60%), indicates contractility
Ecstacy MDMA tox
Hot flushed skin, high pulse, respiration, bp and dilated pupils
absence seizures
3hz spikes, generalized seizure, pathophys: synchronized discharge of thalamocortical neurons
Tuberous Sclerosis
ash-leaf spots, hamarthomas (lead to mental retardation), adenomas sebaceous (perivascular angiofibromata), pancreatic cysts, cardiac rhabdomyomas
loeffler endocarditis
restrictive cardiomyopathy with myocardial necrosis and eosinophilic infiltrates
S3 in older patients
suggestive of congestive heart failure (stiffened ventricle)
pathologic S4
(increased resistance to ventricular filling) hypertensive, hypertrophied, CAD, Aortic stenosis
Coarctation of the aorta, infantile form
Preductal (ductus arteriosus). Associated with Turners
Coarctation of the Aorta, Adult form
post ductal (ductus arteriosus). Associated with notching of the ribs (scalloping irregularities in chest X rays)
Dressler syndrome
fibrinous pericarditis, (autoimmune) aprox 2-10 weeks after MI. Early pericarditis after MI occurs after 2-3 days.
Cardiac Markers
Troponin I and T (most specific, peak at 8 hours, last 7 days.
CK-MB (peaks at 4hrs, last 3-4 days)
AST without other liver enzymes (good for atypical presentation MI in women)
MI Complications
2 days: Arrythmias
5-10 days: rupture of the ventricular wall, papillary muscle and septum
2-10 weeks: Dressler syndrome
60+: arrythmias, ventricular failure
Monckeberg Arteriosclerosis (medial calcific sclerosis)
ring like calcifications in the media of medium-small muscular arteries (radial, inguinal, carotid). NO inflammation, NO chance in diameter of vessel
