Kaplan Chapter 1 Cells Flashcards
organelles
orgainized structures with special funcions in the cell
Cell theory consists of what fourth basic tenets
- All living things are composed of cells. 2. The cell is the basic functional unit of life. 3. Cells arise only from preexisting cells. 4. Cells carry genetic information in the form of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This genetic material is passed on from parent to daughter cell.
DNA stands for_______
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Eukaryotic cells reproduced by _____, allowing for the formation of two identical daughter cells.
Mitosis
Linear DNA is wound around organizing proteins known as _____, and is then further wound into linear strands called__________.
Histones Chromosomes
name all parts for the classification system of all organisms, starting with domain :hint 8 classifications.
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
protist is what type of cell
is a eukaryote organism with one cell
The genetic material (DNA) contains coding regions called ______.
Genes
The nucleus is surrounded by the _______ or also called______.
Nuclear membrane
nuclear Envelope
The ______ allows for the diffusion of molecules through the cell.
Cytosol
There is a subsection of the nucleus known as ________, where the _________ ____ (____) is synthesized.
Nucleolus Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
what is an organism
A living thing
what is taxonomy
is the organization of the naming system for living organisms.
What’s the difference between Eukaryotic cells and Prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells contain a true nucleus enclosed in the membrane, Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus.
With in the ______, genetic material is encoded in _______, which is organized into _______.
Nucleus Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Chromosomes
______ are located in the nuclear membrane which allow for selective two-way exchange of material between the cytoplasm and the nucleus.
Nuclear pores
nucleus
Nucleus
______ is the darker spot of the nucleus and takes up approximately 25% of its entire volume.
Nucleolus
_______ is a double membrane that maintains a nuclear environment separate and distinct from the cytoplasm.
Nuclear membrane/ envelope (it has two names)
pathogens
things that cause disease
Example, Bad Bacteria, viruses or any micro-organism that causes disease
what is Tissue and name some examples
Tissue is a bunch of cells combined together to serve certain functions.
What is a Chromosome
a structure of DNA wrapped in Histone proteins in the nucleus of most living cells.
