kap 2- general operating prosedures Flashcards
What are the radio transmitting techniques?
- listen of frequency before transmitting
- depress PTT fully, and don’t release until messages is transmitted
- normal conversation tone, speak clearly and distinctly
- maintain normal rate of speech not exceeding 100 wpm.
- constant volume of speech
- avoid hesitations (“errr”)
- a slight pause before and after numbers
How long should you wait until repeating a transmission to ATC
Wait at least 10 seconds before a second call
What are some exceptions from the phonetic alphabet in radiotelephony?
When using ATS route designators (away coding), we have the following exceptions:
K = Kopter
U = Upper
S = Supersonic
Pronunciation of combined numbers
Call sign - each number individually
FL - each number individually, except of whole hundreds (e.g. FL 100)
Heading - each number individually
Wind direction/speed - each number individually for both direction and speed
Squawk - each number individually
RWY - each number individually
QNH - each number individually, except for whole thousands (1000 hPa)
Exceptions when pronouncing numbers
When providing information regarding the relative bearing to an object or to conflicting traffic in terms of the 12-hour clock (TEN O´CLOCK)
When pronouncing numbers in regards to altitude, cloud height, visibility or RVR, all numbers which contain whole hundreds and whole thousands must be transmitted by pronouncing each digit in the number of
How do you pronounce frequencies?
Each number individually (eg. 100.3 = one zero zero decimal three)
How do you transmit time in aviation?
Times used in aviation are in UTC, but only the minutes of the hour should be required. Each digit should be pronounced separately.
Pilots may check time with appropriate ATS unit (request “time check”). Time checks are given to the nearest half-minute.
How do you pronounce frequencies on HF?
When no confusion is likely to arise, only the first two digits of the HF need to be used to identify the transmitting channel.
“Let me know that you have received and understood this messages”
Acknowledge
“Yes.”
Affirm
“Permission for proposed action granted”
Approved
What does “BREAK” mean?
“I hearby indicate the separation between portions of the messages” (to be used where there is no clear distinction between the text and other proportions of the message”
What does “BREAK BREAK” mean?
“I hearby indicate the separation between messages transmitted to different aircraft in a very busy in environment”
What does “CANCEL” mean?
“Annul the previously transmitted clearance”
“Examine a system or procedure”
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