Kap 1. Approaching Psychological Development

Question 1

Empiricism

Answer 1

is a view of development that emphasizes the idea that a general, all -purpose learning system, with few or no biases toward acquiring particular kinds of information, is present at birth

• Tabula rasa (Locke)
• Mental Assosiatine (Berkley)
• Associations (Hume)
• Little Albert (Watson)

Question 2

Nativism

Answer 2

a view of development that emphasizes the idea that a set of different learning systems is present at birth, in which each system is biased to acquire particular kinds of information better than others

-Chomsky´s view on language acquitions

Question 3

Infancy

Answer 3

1-12 months or 18 months

• infants are largely preverbal

Question 4

Prenatal period

Answer 4

From conception to birth (intra-uterine)

Focuses largely on anatomical and physiological development. Understanding the psychological effects of substances that can harm the developing fetus

(Funn: De kan høre stemmen til mor = foretrekker mors stemme etter fødsel)

Question 5

The preschool period

Answer 5

1,5 to 4 years old

Question 6

Young school age

Answer 6

5 - 7 years

• social and cognitive skills expand considerably

Question 7

Adolescence

Answer 7

13 to 20 years old

• Fysical changes - puberty
• Cognitive, emotional

Question 7

Later school age

Answer 7

8-12 years old

• improve their ability to express complicated thoughts and solve complex problems

Question 8

Young adulthood

Answer 8

21 - 30 years

• more detailed knowledge and applied skills

Question 9

Middle Adulthood

Answer 9

31 to 60 years old

• Career peak (USA)

Question 10

Late Adulthood

Answer 10

from late 60s onward–>

• decline in motor and cognitive skills

Question 11

Toodler

Answer 11

1-2 years

Question 12

Neonatal

Answer 12

newborn-1 month

Question 13

Early childhood

Answer 13

1-3 years

Question 14

Areas of Development ( 6 psychological processes)

Answer 14

• Perceptual development
• Cognitive development
• Moral development
• Social development
• Action development
• Emotional development

Question 15

Ethology

Answer 15

the study of traits from an adaptive evolutionary perspective that usually involves comparisons across species

Question 16

Avhengig varibel

Answer 16

Den manipulerte variabelen

Question 17

Uavhengig variabel

Answer 17

Den variabelen man måler

Question 18

Converging methods

Answer 18

a reseacher apply more methods to the same problem, the different approaches tend to complement each other in ways that create a more accurate overall picture