Kant Flashcards
what does kant want?
rational basis for why we do things
where is kant coming out of?
kant is coming out of enlightenment
where does kant say moral law comes from?
moral law comes from reason
what can kant oblige?
irrationality
what is left behind? KANT
our desires
what does prescriptive mean?
‘i ought’ means ‘i can’
what type of ethics is kantian ethics?
deontological
what is important in kantian ethics?
the act (plus intention) is all important
what is critical? KANT
motivation
what is kantian ethics based on?
our duty - we shouldn’t act out of compassion
what is prescriptive?
morality
what does it mean to act morally?
acting autonomously (free from inclinations and desires)
what happens if your freedom is restricted?
you cannot take responsibility for you actions
what is summum bonum?
greatest good
when can we achieve summum bonum?
we cannot achieve it in this lifetime - points to the afterlife and exsitence of god
what are moral statements?
‘a priori synthetic
what should we act from?
our duty, not because of consequences
what guides our emotion?
reason and rationality
what does the categorical imperetive do?
prescribes necessary behaviour irrespective of the consequence
what is the first formulation of the CI?
universability
‘act according to that maxim by which you can, at the same time, will, that it should become an universal law’
what is the 2nd formulation of the CI?
2) treat humans as ends and not means
whats the 3rd formulation of the CI?
3) act is if you live in a kingdom of ends
what does the categorical imperetive help us to know?
which obligations are obligatory and which are forbidden
what is the hypothetical imperetive?
NOT moral commands to the will - they do not apply to everyone
always ‘if’
only need to be obeyed with the intention of a certain ‘goal’
what did kant believe?
we should do the right thing just because it is right and not because it fulfils out desires or is based on our feelings
what does kant say we have to do to test a moral maxim?
we need to ask whether we can always say that everyone should follow it and we must reject id we cannot
what was kant influenced by?
Isaac newton
because the world is scientific and rational - what does kant think our behaviour should be?
rational
nothing can be taken as good without qualification except for…?
good will
what can be bad/hurtful if good will isn’t applied?
anything/everything
what does duty have to be done for?
it’s own sake - the benefits are not relevant
what do motives need to be?
pure - doing duty for any other reason doesn’t count
to act morally, what must one be capable of?
exercising freedom or autonomy of the will
what does kant think that humans ultimate end is?
summum bonum - supreme good; a uniting of virtue and happiness
