Gr4 History term 3 - transport Flashcards
what is a hump
a bump on a camels back
what is a desert
a stretch of land that is very sandy and hot and very few plants grow there
what does wild mean
not tame, can be dangerous to people
what is a jungle
a thick forest
what does stubborn mean
unwilling to do what they are told
what is a vehicle
something that transports people and goods
what is a shaft
a long pole
what is a cart
a transport vehicle that has 2 wheels that is pulled by an animal
what is a wagon?
a covered vehicle with 4 wheels that is used to transport goods
what is an ox?
a big tame animal, more than 1 is called an oxen
what is a coach?
vehicle that has 4 wheels and is pulled by a horse
what is a harness?
straps fitted to an animal so that it can be attached to and pull a cart
what are reins?
long straps used to control an animal
what is a horseshoe?
u-shaped piece of iron nailed at the bottom of a horse’s hoof
did people often ride in wagons?
no, they were often too uncomrtable to sit in so people prefered to walk next to them
what is a caption?
the words written undernearth a picture of photo to describe it
what is a tandem bicycle?
a bicycle with 2 seats and 2 sets of pedals
What is a bicycle?
to have 2 wheels - bi means 2 and cycle means circles
did the first bicycle have pedals?
no
what was different about the 2nd type of bicycle that was made?
it had a comfortable seat and pedals to move it forward
what is a penny farthing?
a bicycle with a very big front wheel and small back wheel. the rider sat up high on top of the big front wheel. was very dangerous
what was the “safety bicycle”?
had two wheels the same size and the pedals turned the back wheel with a chain and had handle bars to steer the front wheel
how long ago were motor cars invented?
over 100 years ago
what were the first cars powered by?
steam
they were very hard to start and were very noisy
what type of engines were fitted into cars that were less noisy than steam engines?
petrol engines
what was the most famous of the first cars to be made in a factory?
Model T-Ford
what does invent mean?
to make something that no one else has made before
what does curious mean?
eager to learn and find out more
what is a locomotive?
a vehicle with wheels and an engine that is used to pull trains along the railway tracks
what was the most important form of transport before the steam engine?
horses
what invented the locomotive with a steam engine?
George Stephenson
Why is a steam train better than a horse and carriage/coach? (6 things)
the steam train
- could pull many carriages with lots people and heavy goods
- it didn’t get tired
- was 50% cheaper than coach travel
- was a lot quicker than coach travel
- 3rd class with open topped carriage was even cheaper so poor people could afford to travel
-cheaper food in towns and cities because of the quicker transport to market
what were the oldest boats made from?
wood and reeds
how did the oldest boats move forward?
wooden oars and human muscle
name three of the oldest types of boats?
a raft
a canoe
a reed boat
what were rafts and canoes made from?
wood
how were rafts and canoes different?
a raft was made of poles or planks and flat
a canoe was made from a hollowed out log
what were reeds made from (and don’t reeds)?
different types of grasses
name 6 of the first sailing ships
Egyptian sailing ship
Clipper
Tall ship
Chinese Junk
Arab Dhow
Caravel
what shape of sails did the Arab Dhow and the Caravel have?
traingular
what shape were the sails of Egyptian sailing ships, Tall Ships and Chinese Junks have?
Square
what was special about the Clipper?
It was very fast so it “clipped” through the waves. It had 3 of more masts
how many sails did the Egyptian sailing ship have and how did it steer?
only one big sail
used a long oar to attached to the back of the boat to steer
which of the first sail boats was very small?
caravels and arab dhow
what does environmental mean?
to do with the land around us
what is air pollution?
making the air dirty
what are exhaust fumes?
smoke that comes out of cars
what are cities?
settlement that are bigger than towns
what is one of the oldest form land transport that is still used today?
horse and cart
is modern day transport faster or slower than transport used long ago?
faster
what do most forms of modern day transport need?
good roads of tar to drive on
who invented the first biplane?
the Wright brothers named
Orville
Wilbur
when was the first powered biplane invented?
in 1903 for 12 seconds
what did the Wright brothers invent before their plane?
biplane gliders
What type of ships replaced sailing shipts for transport on water?
Steam ships
what was the most famous passenger steamship called?
The Titanic
how many people could the titanic carry
2000
why did the titanic hit an iceberg so hard?
because the weather was clear and the sea was calm, they were sailing at full steam which was very fast
what happened to the people on board the titanic?
most drowned in the freezing cold water. Some survived and rowed to safety on life board
what is modern-day a cargo ship?
a vessel that transports of goods from one port to another all around the world
what is a container ship?
a ship that carries cargo packed in large containers
what are container ships and cargo ships made from?
built of steel and have lots of equipment on board
how are goods loaded on and off argo ships?
with HUGE cranes
