JVIM 2021

Question 1

Which factors were associated with reduced overall survival time in genitourinary carcinomas in dogs treated with mitoxantrone, NSAIDs and radiation?

Answer 1

Severity of clinical signs at presentation and prostatic involvement.

Question 2

What is ubiquitin-specific protease 7, and for which canine malignancies has its inhibition been suggested a potential treatment target?

Answer 2

A deubiquitinating enzyme (DUBs) that remove ubiquitin and control cellular processes such as chromosome segregation, DNA repair, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Its inhibition has been suggested treatment target in canine LSA and leukaemia.

Question 3

which drug on the marked does has USP-7 inhibition as additional target?

Answer 3

Imatinib

Question 4

What was the OST for dogs with genitourinary carcinoma treated with RT, mitoxanrone and NSAID?

Answer 4

510 days

Question 5

What was the difference in overall survival time for dogs with splenic HSA treated with carbo vs. doxo?

Answer 5

160 vs. 140 days- no significant difference. Carboplatin could be considered an alternative where doxo might be contraindicated.

Question 6

What is the significance of monocyte count for dogs with splenic HSA stage 1,2?

Answer 6

Increase in postpoperative periherpal monocyte count might be associated with poorer prognosis. Survival was significantly poorer for dogs with increased monocyte count between splenectomy and chemotherapy.

Question 7

What is associated with prolonged survival for cats with intranasal carcinoma treated with RT?

Answer 7

The use of a definitive protocol is associated with prolonged survival.

Question 8

What is the PFS and OST for cats treated with a definitive RT protocol vs. palliative in the paper from Yoshikawa et al 2021 JAVIM?

Answer 8

Definitive; 500 and 800 days vs. palliative 200 and 400 days.

Question 9

What are melted-wolinska bodies, and in which cell type are they found?

Answer 9

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic bodies found in TCC in dogs.

Question 10

Where is the BRAF mutation located?

Answer 10

It is a mutation on exon 15

Question 11

What is the reported MST for dogs with intracranial tumours treated with cyber knife?

Answer 11

730 days, progression free interval was 350 days

Question 12

Which prognostic factors were associated with PFI for dogs with intracranial tumours treated with cyberknife?

Answer 12

Tumour location (worse prognosis if located in cerebellum than brainstem and cerebrum) and presumptive tumor type (meningioma better outcome than the other types grouped together)

Question 13

Which IHC markers would you choose to diagnose a paraganglioma?

Answer 13

CD45 (neg), CD18 (neg), synaptophysin pos

Question 14

What is capromorelin?

Answer 14

Ghrelin mimic- increase appetite in dogs.

Question 15

what are negative prognostic factors for BCLL?

Answer 15

Boxer, high Ki67, clinical signs at presentation, lymphocyte count over 60 000 at presentation.

Question 16

What are the flow cytometry criteria for the diagnosis of BCLL?

Answer 16

over 5000 lymphocytes on CBC, 60% CD21 positive, no CD 34 positive, small sized b-cells. LN and splenic involvement can be seen.

Question 17

Which breed is associate with negativ outcome in BCLL?

Answer 17

Boxer

Question 18

Why are Boxers predisposed for a worse outcome when diagnosed with BCLL?

Answer 18

Because they preferentially will rearrange unmated immunoglobulin heavy variable region genes. This has also been associated with poor prognosis in people with CLL.

Question 19

Which breed can develop non-neoplastic, polyclonal B-cell expansion?

Answer 19

English bulldogs

Question 20

BCLL involvement has been documented in which extra nodal tissues and initially been diagnosed as stage 5 LSA?

Answer 20

Rectal tissue, dermal or SC nodules, ocular, spinal cord, pulmonary infiltrates, Hyperglobulinemia, hyper viscosity syndrome.

Question 21

What is the MST for dogs with BCLL?

Answer 21

300 days

Question 22

Which breeds are most commonly diagnosed with gliomas?

Answer 22

Brachy

Question 23

What is the most common description of a glioma on MRI?

Answer 23

It is typically described as intra-axial, T1 weighted iso- to hypointese and T2-weighted iso-to hyper invest mass lesion with varying degrees of contrast enhancement

Question 24

What is thymidine kinase 1 and for which neoplasia has it value as a serum marker?

Answer 24

It is a kinase unregulated during rapid cell proliferation and increase in serum TK1 activity has been associated with hematologic neoplasms in humans. has been used as marker for LSA in cats and dogs. Is not predictive of LSA in horses.

Question 25

What is the reported local recurrence rate for MCTs treated with adjuvant RT, and what is the median time to recurrence?

Answer 25

6.6% and 530 days

Question 26

How many dog with high and low risk MCT die of their disease respectively according to Mason et al?

Answer 26

29% of high risk and 13% of low risk.

Question 27

What is the recommended treatment adjuvant RT protocol for incompletely or narrow MCTs?

Answer 27

Unknown, the protocols performed the same in the paper from mason et al 2021.

Question 28

Which factors may help differentiate low grade small cel T cell lymphoma in cats from enteritis?

Answer 28

polyphagia, presence of small amount abdominal effusion, male, rounded jejunal LN

Question 29

What was the toxicity and efficacy profile of zoledronic acid in dogs?

Answer 29

13 AE of 166 administrations reported. 8 dogs developed azotemia, but could not be directly linked to accumulative dose. Confirmed reduced iCa in dogs where used for hypercalcemia.

Question 30

T/F - dogs with carcinoma are more likely to have thrombocytosis due to elevated IL-6

Answer 30

F- they were found to have a significantly higher TPO level, while the IL-6 levels were similar to the control group. The TPO level was elevated independently of PLT count