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My WSET L4D3 > JURA > Flashcards

JURA Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is Jura located?

A

east of burgundy bordering Switzerland

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2
Q

How much of France’s land under vine does Jura account for

A

0.5%

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3
Q

What led to a radical reduction of land under vine in Jura following 1950

A

mildew, phylloxera, arrival of railway enabling transport of wines from south France to Paris, and world wars

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4
Q

What has drawn attention back to Jura since the turn of the millenium

A

their distinct wines especially those made from their local varieties

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5
Q

What are the local variities of Jura

A

Savagnin, (white) and black varieties: Poulsard and Trousseau

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6
Q

What are international grapes that are grown in Jura?

A

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

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7
Q

what is the climate of Jura?

A

moderate continental climate with relatively high rainfall above 1100mm per year, including significant rain during the growing season.

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8
Q

What can rain pose a threat to in Jura

A

in early summer = flowering and fruit set (reducing yield)
excessive rains in the vineyard can make any work in the vineyard very difficult

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9
Q

Besides rain what else is a problem in Jura

A

spring frosts
long periods of wet weather
heavy lcay soils
work to control weeds and combat fungal diseases
hail
climate change

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10
Q

Where are the vineyards located in Jura?

A

west facing slopes of the Jura Mountains at altitudes between 250-400m

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11
Q

What are the soils in Jura?

A

mainly clay and marl with limestone in some places

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12
Q

Why are many vineyards grassed between the rows in Jura

A

to reduce erosion and limit the need for herbicides

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13
Q

How are vines pruned in Jura?

A

mostly replacement cane pruned at some height above the ground to mitigate the risk of nfrost

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14
Q

Why is VSP used in Jura?

A

to encourage the flow of air to reduce threat of fungal disease

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15
Q

HOw are grapes harvested in Jura?

A

mostly machine harvested except where slopes are too steep

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16
Q

Why have yields in Jura averaged lower than mx yields

A

due to various weather hazards: frost, hail, heavy rain, early in the season causing mildew outburst and excessive heat and drought later in the season

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17
Q

What is the most planted variety in Jura that goes into Crement du Jura

A

Chardonnaya

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18
Q

What kinds of wines are made with Savagnin

A

both conventional white wine and wine in oxidative styles including Jura’s most distinctive wine Vin Jaune

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19
Q

What kind of grape is Savagnin

A

buds early (prone to frosts)
thick skinned (resistent to fungal disease)

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20
Q

Where does Savagnin thrive?

A

steep slopes with marl

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21
Q

General SAT for Savagnin?

A

high acidity
med - lemon and apple fruit
med body
med alcohol

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22
Q

What is the most planted black varietal in Jura?

A

Poulsard also known as Ploussard

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23
Q

What kind of varietal is Poulsard?

A

early budding (vulnerable to spring frosts)
thin skinned (prone to fungal diseases)
ripens early (enables picking before autumn rains)

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24
Q

What is Poulsard prone to?

A

coulure and fungal disease

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25
Q

General SAT for Poulsard

A

very pale ruby almost translucent in color
low intensity of red fruit (red currant, cranberry)
low tannins
high acidity
low end of med alcohol
light body
good to very good
mid to premium priced

26
Q

what is the 2nd most planted black grape variety in Jura?

A

Pinot Noir and used in multi varietal blends in crement du Jura as well as single varietal wines

27
Q

What kind of grape is Trousseau?

A

black variety with thick skins giving it resistance to fungal diseases though it can suffer from botrytis rot

vigorous variety (requires careful canopy management)

28
Q

What is Trousseau prone to?

A

poor flowering, coulure

29
Q

What does Trousseau need to ripen fully?

A

warm site ex with warm gravels and by planting it either on warm lower parts of the slope or on well exposed higher steeper slopes

30
Q

General SAT for Trousseau

A

pale ruby
low intensity red fruit (red cherry)
low to med tannins
med to high acidity
low end of med alcohol
led to med - body
good to very good
mid to premium pricedq

31
Q

General SAT for Trousseau

A

pale ruby
low intensity red fruit (red cherry)
low to med tannins
med to high acidity
low end of med alcohol
led to med - body
good to very good
mid to premium priced

32
Q

How are Chardonnay and Savagnin typically fermented in Jura?

A

stainless steel tanks or old barrels at mid range temps as juicy esters are not desired

33
Q

Is malolactic conversion used in Jura

A

yes - it is comonly used

34
Q

How are most red wines macerated in Jura?

A

on the skins for a short time (5-10 days) with temp limited to 30C or below.

35
Q

WHat method(s) are used for Poulsard wines in Jura to macerate?

A

carbonic or semi carbonic maceration which contributes to the fruity style of this wine they are then aged in large oak barrels or casks for a few months prior to release

36
Q

How are Trousseau and PInot Noir aged slightly differently than Poulsard in Jura?

A

kept on the skins longer for a more structured wine (more flavor intensity and tannins) with the capacity to age in the bottle.

37
Q

How long is aging in the bottle for reds in Jura

A

typically less than 1 year

38
Q

HOw are both white and red wines in Jura aged?

A

in tank or old wood barrels preserving as much primary fruit as possible and reducing costs.

39
Q

How is Vin Jaune made in Jura?

A

by fermenting Savagnin grapes to dryness and then aging in barrels with a headspace. a thin layer of yeast flor develops (le voile or the veil). The wine needs to remain under the flor for a min of 5 years with a total aging requirement of 6 years in the barrel

40
Q

What is a choice that producers have with Vin Jaune wines?

A

they can inocculate the wine with selected yeasts to create the flor or allow the process to happen naturally by placing the barrels in a well ventilated cellar with seasonal temp changes

41
Q

How is the flor process for Vin Jaune different from Sherry Fino?

A

the flor level is thin and there is no fresh wine added, the wines develop both biological and oxidative aging aromas and alcohol level rises up by about 1 degree up to 13.5%-15% abv due to the transpiration of water through the barrels

42
Q

General SAT for Vin Jaune

A

med lemon to med gold
pronounced aromas of bread dough, almond, ginger, and green apple
high acidity
dry
high alcohol
med bodied
very good to outstanding
premium to super premium priced
able to age for several decades

43
Q

HOw much Vin de Paille does Jura make?

A

very small amounts

44
Q

what is Vin de Paille

A

sweet wine made by drying the grapes off the vine

45
Q

What Jura varieties are permitted for Vin de Paille

A

all Jura varieties except PInot Noir

46
Q

What are required ABV levels and residual sugar levels for Vin de Paille wines?

A

must be above 14% abv
RS = 70-120 g/l

47
Q

How long must Vin de Paille be aged in oak?

A

min of 18 months and released no sooner than three years after vintage

48
Q

What is Cotes du Jura AOC?

A

regional appellation for the whole of the Jura wine region including the more specific appellations

49
Q

How many ha are planted in Cotes du Jura AOC?

A

560 ha planted

50
Q

What styles of wines can be made in Cotes du Jura AOC?

A

all five - red, white, rose, Vin Jaune, and Vin de Paille

51
Q

What styles of wines can be made in Cotes du Jura AOC?

A

all five - red, white, rose, Vin Jaune, and Vin de Paille, but most of wine produced under this AOC is white.

52
Q

What is Arbois AOC?

A

compact densely planted AOC around the town of the same name in the north of Jura’s wine region

53
Q

HOw many ha re planted for Arbois AOC?

A

780 ha planted

54
Q

What are the Jura wine styles are made in Arbois AOC?

A

all five - red, white, rose, Vin Jaune and Vin de Paille although most of Jura’s red wines are produced here

55
Q

What is Chateau Chalon AOC

A

AOC restricted to Vin Jaune only. 54 ha planted

56
Q

What is L’Etolle AOC

A

AOC in Jura restricted to white wines including Vin Jaune and Vin de Paille; 73 ha planted

57
Q

What are the production rules for all of Jura’s appellations?

A

white wines excluding Vin Jaune and Vin du Paille, Savagnin and/or Chardonnay must make up min 80% of the blend and mx yield if 60 hl/ha

red/rose wines: PInot Noir, Poulsard and Trousseau must make up 80%; max yield is 55 hl/ha

Vin Jaune only Savagnin can be used and max yield 60 hl/ha except in Chateau Chalon that restricts yields to 30 hla/ha. wine muct be under le voile for min 60 mths during which time it must not be racked or topped up and it can only be sold to customers from January 7 years after the harvest. Must be bottled in 62cl clavelin bottle

Vin de Paille max yield 20 hl/ha

58
Q

How is Jura’s wine business divided?

A

Estates - 50%
negociants = 30%
4 co-operatives accounting for the rest

59
Q

How many companies account for nearly 50% of wines sold in Jura?

A

3 - the cooperative Fruitiere Vinicole d’Arbois
the negociant La Maison de Vigneron
Henri MAire (owned by Boisset)

60
Q

What is something that is important to the Jura region that leads to its reputation for artisan wines?

A

both organic grape growing and natural wine making

61
Q

What affects production vol strongly in Jura?

A

vintage variation

62
Q

How much of wine is exported from Jura?

A

20%

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