July 4th Flashcards
The _________ of musical events is provided by ordering left to right and top to bottom. Simultaneous events are aligned
Sequence
The __________ provide information about duration - how long or briefly the note should last
notehead and stem
The _________ provide information about pitch - how high or low the note is.
staff and clef
_________ indicate both volume and volume change.
Dynamic markings
_____________ are used to indicate which notes receive special stress and how much.
The meter and accent marks
The speed and changes in it are indicated by the _______
Tempo
The choice of instrument(s) and/or voices conveys the
Timbre
The _________ or role and relationships of the different sound elements that make the musical whole
are shown by joining staves into a system so all the sound events of each moment can be seen together.
The texture
Pauses in sound, both holds and silences, are indicated by symbols such as ______
rests and fermatas or holds
_________ of sound are indicated by graphical markings and
descriptive words
The articulation, attack, and expression
The set of pitches or tones used in the piece, often called a tone or pitch set, is sometimes conveyed by:
key signature and final note, and at other times, by those as well as cadences, accidentals, and progressions.
What are the six fundamental elements of music?
- Pitch
- Duration
- Timbre
- Dynamics/loudness
- Frequency
- Texture
What does a Staff do?
Uses five parallel lines to notate (write down) the pitch aspect of music
What does a Clef indicate?
Which note names go on which lines (and spaces between
the lines) on the staff
What does Treble Clef indicate?
Treble clef designates the second line from the bottom as G
What does base clef indicate?
Bass clef designates the fourth line from the bottom as F
What are Ledger Lines?
Ledger lines are small lines that extend the staff higher and lower
What is a Grand Staff?
A grand staff is a treble clef staff and bass clef staff connected with a brace.
Piano music uses a grand staff, along with instruments such as harp and marimba. Sometimes vocal (choir) music is also notated using a grand staff.
What is an Alto Clef?
Alto clef is a C clef centered on the third line from the bottom, designating it as C. Parts for the viola (a string instrument in the violin family) almost always use alto clef.
What is Tenor Clef?
Tenor clef is a C clef centered on the fourth line from the bottom, designating it as C. Bassoon and trombone music occasionally uses tenor clef, although both instruments more commonly read bass clef.
What is an Octave?
The distance from a note up or down to the next note with the
same name
Where is Middle C in Treble Clef and Bass Clef?
In treble clef, middle C is one ledger line below the staff. In bass clef, middle C is one ledger line above the staff.
What number C is middle C?
C4
What does the Ottava do?
The ottava symbol (8va) raises a note by one octave, while the ottava Bassa (8vb) lowers a note by one octave
What does the Quindicesima symbol do?
Similarly, quindicesima (15ma) raises a note two octaves; quindicesima bassa lowers a note two octaves.
What does the Octave Clef do?
The octave clef lowers the music an octave; it is often used for tenor voice.
