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GCSE RE > Judaism Beliefs > Flashcards

Judaism Beliefs Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the ‘Jewish Bible called’

A

the Tenakh

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2
Q

What is the tenakh made up of

A
  • Torah - written law (first 5 books, e.g. Genesis)
  • Nebi’im - Prophets e.g. Jeremiah
  • Ketuim - Writings e.g. Psalms
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3
Q

What is Talmud

A

explanation of the Torah by the rabbis

Also called the ‘oral law’

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4
Q

What are the three categories of Jewish belief

A
  • Ultra-Orthodox
  • Orthodox Jews
  • Reform Jews
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5
Q

What is Ultra-Orthodox

A
  • very strictly follows laws and practices in the Torah
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6
Q

What are Orthodox Jews

A

-Strictly follows laws and practices in the Torah

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7
Q

What are Reform Jews

A
  • Believes traditional Jewish Laws should be re-interpreted to suit modern life
  • Reform Jews tend to follow the spirit of the
    law – not the specific laws
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8
Q

What are the 4 beliefs about God

A

• God has no body (scripture speaks of God’s body just to make him more understandable)
• God is neither male nor female
• Jews refer to G-d using masculine terms
• Jews are forbidden from representing God in a
physical form – it is considered idolatry.

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9
Q

What does Omnipotent mean

A

God is all powerful

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10
Q

What does Omniscient mean

A

God is all knowing

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11
Q

What does Omnipresent mean

A

God is everywhere at

once

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of God

A
  • Creator
  • Sustainer
  • Judge
  • Lawgiver
  • The divine presence
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13
Q

God as one means….

A
  • God is a single and whole being
  • God is the only one who should be worshipped
  • Everything has been created by God
  • God is the source of all beliefs
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14
Q

What is the shema

A

‘Hear, O Israel! The Lord is our God, the Lord
alone. You shall love the Lord your God with all
your heart and with all your soul and with all
your might’
(Deuteronomy 6:4-5)

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15
Q

Why is the Shema important

A

• Expresses belief in the one God
• Instructs Jews on how they should respond to this
belief in daily life
• It is the word of God

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16
Q

What are the Jewish beliefs on the creation of the world

A

•Orthodox: God literally made the world in six
days - they reject the Big Bang and evolution
•Reform: God created the world using the Big
Bang and evolution

17
Q

What are Jewish beliefs on Evil and Free Will

A
  • God created evil but also free will
  • Having a choice makes a good act more
    significant
18
Q

What are the Mitzvot

A
  • 613 Jewish Laws
  • First 10 are the 10 Commandments
  • The first four commandments are between man and God
    2. The other six are how to treat others (man and man)
19
Q

When are Jews Judged

A
  1. On death

2. Once a year ( Rosh Hashanah )

20
Q

What do Jews believe about Heaven

A
  • Most Jews believe in heaven (paradise or Gan Eden). A place
    where you are WITH GOD. Whether it is a physical or
    spiritual place is unknown.
21
Q

What do Jews believe about Sheol

A
  • If you don’t enter heaven you go to Sheol where you are

cleansed. No belief in eternal punishment

22
Q

What are the Orthodox views on the messiah

A

• In every generation a descendent of King David is born
with the potential to be the Messiah (a person).
• Will bring about world peace
• This is called the Messianic age
• He will be the ultimate teacher of the Torah (law).
• He will rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem

23
Q

What are Reform Jewish beliefs on the messiah

A

The Messiah will not be a person….
• Instead, there will be a ‘messianic age’
• … a time of global peace and harmony
• Everyone has a duty to work together to
achieve this

24
Q

Bible teaching on the messianic age

A

‘Nations shall never again go to war.’

Micah 4:3

25
Q

What are the 3 moral principles

A
  • Justice: bringing about what is right and fair for a just society.
  • Healing the world: charity work - also obeying the mitzvot and prayer
  • Kindness to others: the Torah encourages acts of kindness
26
Q

Bible teachings on kindness to others

A

You shall love your fellow as yourself

Leviticus 19:34

27
Q

What is the Sanctity of life

A

• Life is sacred and holy because it comes from God - God
breathes life into Adam
• As God gives life, only God should end life
• Jews have a duty to preserve life – particularly those of
innocent, vulnerable people
• Jews should not do anything to quicken a person’s natural
death

28
Q

What is Pikuach nefesh

A

The Jewish obligation (duty) to save a life even if it

means breaking Jewish laws (e.g. Shabbat)

29
Q

What is a bible teaching on Pikuach Nefesh

A

‘He who destroys one soul of a human is considered as if he has destroyed a whole world’. (The Talmud)

30
Q

What do Jews believe about Shekhinah

A

Jews believe that G-d can ‘focus his presence’

on earth in certain places. This is the Shekinah (Gods Divine Presence)

31
Q

What is the tabernacle

A
  • portable structure used while Jews were wandering in the desert
    after escaping Egypt but before arriving in the ‘promised land’
32
Q

What is a Covenant

A

Solemn promise

33
Q

What is God’s covenant

A 
• To specially protect and
favour the Jews
• God gives Abraham the
promised land of Canaan
(Israel) for the Jews
34
Q

What is Jews’ covenant

A

To live a life dedicated

to God

35
Q

What was Gods covenant with Abraham

A
  • “From now on you must circumcise every baby boy

when he is eight days old….this will show that there is a covenant between you and me’

36
Q

What is the story of Moses

A
  • Hundreds of years later the Jews are in slavery in Egypt
  • Moses (a Hebrew) kills an Egyptian slave driver and flees
  • God tells Moses to lead the Israelites out of slavery
  • Pharaoh releases the Jews… they are free
  • Pharaoh refuses to release them – eventually God sends the plagues
  • The Israelites wander in the desert for many years on their way to the ‘promised land’ of Canaan – which they eventually reach
  • At Mount Sinai God gives Moses the 10 commandments (second
    covenant)
37
Q

what is the the covenant at Sinai

A

• Given to Moses by God on Mount Sinai
• Moses represents all Jews
• Jews today believe this covenant is STILL BINDING
• It is a major reason Jews believe they are God’s
chosen people… and follow Jewish laws

GCSE RE (8 decks)

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