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Jewish Education > Judaism Beliefs > Flashcards

Judaism Beliefs Flashcards

1
Q

Monotheistic

A

A religion that believes in one G-D

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2
Q

The Nature of G-D

A 
G-D influences the world and our places in it
Not a Person
Source of all Morality
Creator
Loyalty in exchange for life
Judges people on how they follow laws
See G-D's work in History so by study text, they learn more about G-D
Constantly at Work
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3
Q

G-D or God?

A

G-d is used as a sign of respect
Cannot be destroyed when written in Hebrew
Not said out loud- Adonai said instead
Any book with it in is treated with respect
Buried in Jewish Cemetery
Some say it’s a Title, some a Name

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4
Q

What does Adonai Mean?

A

My Lord

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5
Q

What are the Hebrew letters of G-D?

A

YHWH

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6
Q

What is the Shema?

A

An important Jewish Prayer from Deuteronomy and Numbers

Comes from “Lishmoa”- to listen/hear

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7
Q

What is expressed in the Shema?

A

G-D is always Present
What you see, hear and experience is a meeting with G-D
G–D is one
Unity of G-D

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8
Q

Quote about the Shema: One G-D

A

“Hear, o Israel! The Lord is our G-D, the Lord is one”

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9
Q

Quote about the Shema: Loving G-D

A

“You shall love the Lord your G-D with all your heart, with all your soul and with all your might”

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10
Q

Quote about the Shema: Children

A

“Impress them upon your Children”

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11
Q

Quote about the Shema: When Said

A

“Recite them when you stay at home and when you are away, when you lie down, and when you get up”

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12
Q

Quote about the Shema: Tefillin

A

“Bind them as a sign on your hand and let them serve as a symbol on your forehead”

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13
Q

Quote about the Shema: Mezuza

A

“Inscribe them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates”

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14
Q

What is the First line of the Torah?

A

“When G-D began to create heaven and earth”

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15
Q

Beliefs about Creation

A

G-D is the Creator
Created the Universe out of nothing as He wanted it to be
6000 years ago

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16
Q

Ultra Orthodox/Orthodox Beliefs about Creation

A

Happened 6000 Years Ago

Reject evolution

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17
Q

Reform Beliefs about Creation

A

Accept Revolution but that G-D made everything happen

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18
Q

Structure of Creation

A

4 Days for Universe to support Life
2 Days to create all living Creatures
G-D rested on the 7th Day

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19
Q

Omnipotent

A

All Powerful

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20
Q

Omniscient

A

All Seeing

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21
Q

Omnipresent

A

Everywhere at all times

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22
Q

Omnibenevolent

A

All Loving

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23
Q

Evil and Free Will

A

G-D created Evil
Gave us Free will to do the right thing
Know the difference between good and bad
Choosing good makes the deed more Significant

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24
Q

Quote about G-D and Free Will

A

“I form light and create darkness, I make weal and create woe”

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25
Q

G-D as a Sustainer

A

G-D provided sufficient resources to feed and provide for all species
Distributed unevenly due to Free Will
Helping others fulfils G-D’s Plan

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26
Q

G-D as a Lawgiver

A

Torah Contains 613 Laws governing Jews’ behaviour
Form the Basis of Halakhah
Basis of relationship between G-D and Jews

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27
Q

The Ten Commandments

A

Given to Moses by G-D over 3000 Years Ago

Inscribed on 2 Tablets of Stone

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28
Q

Halakhah

A

Accepted Code of Conduct for Jewish Life

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29
Q

G-D as a Judge

A

Judged by how well Jews follow G-D’s Laws
Judged no matter of Religion
Judgements are Fair
Qualities of Justice and Mercy Perfectly balanced

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30
Q

When are the 2 Main Times of Judgement?

A

Rosh Hashanah- Decides what the year will bring them

After Death- Where they will spend their afterlife

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31
Q

Shekhinah

A

The Divine Presence of G-D on Earth
Sign of G-D’s Power and Glory
Feminine Presence as it’s a Feminine Word

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32
Q

Tabernacle

A

A portable structure which was the early dwelling place of G-D before Solomon’s Temple in 10th Century BCE
Carried from Egypt to Canaan

33
Q

Which Prophets referenced the presence of G-D in the Temple?

A

Isaiah
Jeremiah
Ezekiel

34
Q

What are the Customs Surrounding Death?

A

Inevitable-Part of G-D’s Plan
Jews shouldn’t die alone so should be looked after and Visited
Should be close to their eyes
Intense Mourning till Burial

35
Q

What do Jews recite upon hearing of the Death of a loved one?

A

“Blessed are you, Lord our G-D, King of the Universe, the True Judge”

36
Q

Beliefs on the Afterlife

A

Teaching developed over time

Could be Physical or Spiritual

37
Q

Heaven

A

The good enter Paradise
Gan Eden
At one with G-D

38
Q

Sheol

A

Place of waiting where souls are cleansed

39
Q

Quote on Heaven and Sheol

A

“some to eternal life, others to reproaches, to everlasting Abhorrence”

40
Q

Judgement and Resurrection

A

Some Believe they are Judged by G-D as soon as they die

Some Believe they are Judged on the Day of Judgement or after the arrival of the Messiah

41
Q

Quote to Show Immediate Judgement after Death

A

“And the dust returns to the ground as it was, and the lifebreath returns to G-D who bestowed it”

42
Q

Quote to Show late Judgement after Death

A

“Many of those that sleep in the dust of the Earth will awake, some to eternal life, others to reproaches, to everlasting abhorrence”

43
Q

Origins of the Messiah

A

In the 12th Century, Maimonides complied “Thirteen Fundamental Principles of Jewish Faith”
The 12th Principle was the belief in the Messiah and the Messianic Age

44
Q

What is the Messiah?

A

The ‘anointed one’ and future leader of the Jews in the future

45
Q

Nature of the Messiah

A

No suggestion it’s Saul as he disobeyed G-D
G-D changed Saul- Could apply to future Messiah
Descendent of King David
Rule Jews in Messianic Age

46
Q

The Messianic Age

A

Dead resurrected and Temple Rebuilt

War will End and people will live in Peace and Harmony

47
Q

Quote about the Messianic Age

A

“And the wolf shall dwell the lamb”

48
Q

Orhtodox Belief on the Messiah

A

Desendent of David in every Generation as a potential Messiah
Provides hope to those facing hard times

49
Q

Expectations of the Messiah Outlined in the Tenakh

A

Uphold the Torah and to be the Ultimate Teacher
Rebuild Temple
Usher World Peace
Unite Humanity as One

50
Q

Reform Beliefs on the Messiah

A

Reject Messiah

Everyone working together to acheive Peace

51
Q

Abraham

A 
Born in Messopotamia in 20th BCE
Idol Worshup
Abraham Beilevd in One G-D
Beleived Worshipping Idols was wrong
Monotheistic
52
Q

The Promised Land and Abraham

A

Abraham, Sarah, Terah and other family left for Cannan
Settled at Haran where Terah died
G-D told him to continue and made a covenant
Once they reached Cannan, G-D told Abraham to look around at the Promised Land

53
Q

What is a Covenant?

A 
Agreement between G-D and the People
Benefits both Parties
Still apply today
G-D will never break his side
Sealed by oaths and a special action
54
Q

Who have Covenants been made between?

A

Adam, Abraham, Noah, Moses

55
Q

The Chosen People

A

Jews chosen by G-D to be his people

Not superior to others

56
Q

The Covenant with Abraham

A

Circumcision-Removal of the Foreskin from the Penis
Made him the Father of many nations
Circumcised himself and all males in his household
Sarah Conceived at old age
Isaac Born

57
Q

Quote about the Covenant with Abraham

A

“I will make of you a great Nation and I will bless you”

58
Q

The Escape from Egypt

A

400 Years after Abraham’s Covenant-Jews Slaves
Moses rescued from Nile as a baby and bought up in the Palace
Killed Egyptian Worker who was Hitting a Jew so fled
G-D spoke to him through Burning Bush
Told him to ask Pharaoh to free the Israelites
Pharaoh refused and G-D sent 10 Plagues so G-D let them go
Parted the Red sea and rescued 3 Million Jews

59
Q

The Ten Commandments

A

Moses went up Mount Sinai and G-D gave him the 10 Commandments

60
Q

What are the 10 Commandments?

A

I am the Lord your G-D, who bought you out of Slavery in Egypt
You shall have no other G-D’s beside me
Don’t use G-D’s name in Vain
Remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy
Honour your father and mother
Thou Shall not Kill
Thou Shall not Commit Adultery
Thou Shall not Steal
Thou Shall not bear false witness against your neighbour
Thou shall not Covet

61
Q

What are the Key Moral Principles

A

Last 6 Commandments outline this

Justice
Healing the World
Kindness to Others

62
Q

Key Moral Principles- Justice

A

Sacred Duty Acheived with truth and Peace
Bringing about what is right and fair, according to the law, or making up for a wrongdoing
Justice chnges to suit situation
Torah brings it Via Mercy
Guidance on treatment of Poor and Rich
Shouldn’t ignore suffering of others

63
Q

Key Moral Principles- Healing the World

A 
Tikkun Olam- Being involved in G-D's work to sustain the world
Increase Social Justice
Preserve environment
Some don't believe that's enough
Become closer to G-D through Prayer
64
Q

Key Moral Principles- Kindness to others

A

Positive, caring actions shown to all living things
Jews and Non-Jews
Love others as they love themselves

65
Q

What is the meaning of the Sanctity of Life?

A

All life is Holy as it’s created by G-D
Human life shouldn’t be Misused or Abused
Stems from Creation Story- Made in G-D’s image

66
Q

Beliefs about ending life

A

Only G-D can take away life
Preserving life is a duty
Death can only be Natural

67
Q

Controversy in ending life

A

War
Murder
Abortion
Capital Punishment

68
Q

Natural Death

A

Medical Technology
Patients kept alive at all costs

Others believe you shouldn’t wait until the patient is in great pain
E.G: Ventilator removed if preventing natural death

69
Q

Pikuach Nefesh

A

Saving a life
Value of Human life
Can break Shabbat
Transplant Surgery

70
Q

Quote on Saving a life

A

“He who saves a life, saves the world entire”
Save family and generations
When their world is destroyed so is yours

71
Q

Quote on Pikuach Nefesh

A

“Do not profit off the blood of your fellow”

72
Q

When do you choose death over Pikuach Nefesh?

A

Murder
Idol Worship
Adultery

73
Q

Free Will

A 
The belief that people have the opportunity to make decisions for themselves
Seen in Adam and Eve's disobedience
Choices have consequences
Do a good thing- Judged Favourably
Do a bad thing- Judged Badly
74
Q

Mitzvot

A 
Commandment
Good deed or charitable act
613 in Torah
248 Positive
365 Negative
Given at Sinai
Helps Jews use free will correctly
75
Q

Mitzvot between Man and G-D

A

First 4 Commandments

Further guidance on building a strong relationship with G-D

76
Q

Mitzvot between Man and G-D Areas

A 
Ritual,
Worship
Sacrifice
Food laws
Festivals
77
Q

Mitzvot between Man and Man

A

Someone who doesn’t love people doesn’t love G-D

How to be a member of the community

78
Q

Mitzvot between Man and Man Areas

A

Treatment of Workers
Settling Disputes
Kashrut

Jewish Education (4 decks)

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