Islam Practices Flashcards
What are the beliefs about the 5 Pillars of Islam?
Support main Principles and Beliefs of Islam
The Key to living the perfect Muslim life
Gives them an identity to show obedience and dedication to G-D
What are the 5 Pillars of Islam?
Shahadah- Declaration of Faith Salah- Prayer Zakah- Charitable Giving Sawm- Fasting Hajj- Pilgrimage
What is the Shahadah?
Declaration of Faith
First of the 5 Pillars
Provides the foundation for the other 4 Pillars
What is a quote for the Shahadah?
” There is no G-D but Allah and Muhammad is his Prophet”
What is the Shahadah in Shi’s Islam?
Ali, Muhammad’s Cousin and Son In Law, was the true successor of Muhammad
What do Shi’a Muslims add to the end of the Shahadah?
” and Ali is the friend of G-D”
When is the Shahadah said?
To convert to Islam it must be said in front of a witness
Daily Prayers
First words a baby hears when they are born
Last words someone hears when they die
What is Salah?
Prayer
When do Sunni Muslims Pray?
Fajr- Before Sunrise Zuhr- After Midday Asr- Afternoon Maghrit- After Sunset Isha- Night
When do Shi’a Muslims Pray?
Before Sunrise
Combine Midday and Afternoon Prayers
Combine Sunset and Night Prayers
What is Wudu?
Ritual Washing before Prayer under running water
Men and Women wash in 2 Separate rooms
Quote about Wudu
” If required, wash your whole body”
What Direction do Muslims face to Pray?
Face Makkah
Mihrab in Qiblah Wall to indicate where Makkah is
Special Compass used in Mosque
What is Prayer inside a Mosque like?
Each person has a separate mat to pray on
Prayers lead by an Imam
Men and Women Pray at the same time in different locations
What is the Mihrab?
A dent in the Qiblah Wall indicating the Direction of Makkah
What is the Qiblah Wall?
The wall in the Mosque that contains the Mihrab
What is the Rak’ah?
Set sequence of actions and recitations
Changes depending on the Prayer
What are the Basic actions of the Rak’ah?
Stand and Recite the 1st Chapter from the Qur’an
Bow and say “ Glory to be my Lord who is the very greatest” in Arabic 3 times
Return to an upright position and make a recitation praising G-D
Prostration- Kneeling with forehead, nose, hands, knees and toes touching the floor.
Sit and recite “ G-D is the greatest” and Prostrate again
Turn to the left and then to the right to finish reciting “Peace be upon you, and the mercy and blessings of G-D”
What are Du’a Prayers?
Personal Prayers Optional and added onto final Rak'ah Don't have to be in Arabic No set Form G-D answers these prayers
What is the Quote about Du’a Prayers?
” Call on me and I will answer you”
What are Jummah Prayers?
Weekly Communal Prayer at Midday on Friday
All Male Muslims expected to attend
Includes a Sermon
Leave work and return after the Prayer
What is a Quote about Jummah Prayers?
“When the call to prayer is made in the day of congregation, hurry towards the reminder of G-D and leave off your trading”
How do Muslims pray at home?
Perform Wudu before Prayer
There doesn’t have to be a special room but it needs to be clean
Prayer Mat facing Makkah
What is the Significance of Prayer?
One of the 5 Pillars
G-D has Commanded them to
Creates a greater awareness of G-D and His Will
Unites Muslims Worldwide
Reminds Muslims of the Qur’an’s Importance
Bowing and Prostrating to G-D shows His Importance
What is Zakah?
Giving to Charity/ Almsgiving
Third Pillar of Islam
How Much Money do they Give?
2.5% of Savings each year
Usually during Ramadan
Why do Muslims give Zakah?
To acknowledge that everything they have comes from G-D and belongs to Him
They should use wealth to help those in need
Purifies the Soul
What does Giving Zakah teach?
Self Discipline
Honesty
What is a Quote about the Origins of Zakah?
“G-D is well aware of whatever good you do”
Who can give Zakah?
Muslims who meet a figure known as the Nisab
What is the Value of the Nisab?
87g Gold- £3282 (more common)
612g Silver- £336
Quote about who Receives Zakah
“Alms are meant only for the poor, the needy”
What is Sadaqah?
Voluntarily giving money or time to Charity
What is the Significance of Zakah?
Fulfilling Duty Imposed by G-D
Good Attitude to Money
Strengthens Communities
What are Khums?
Shi’a Muslims give 20% income to Charity
Only what’s left after expenses
50%- Religious Leaders
50%- Charity/Poor
What is Sawm?
Fasting
Fourth Pillar of Islam
What is Ramadan?
9th Month of Islamic Calendar
Qur’an Started to be Revealed to Muhammad
Muslims Recite the whole Qur’an over the 30 Days
What Can’t you do during Ramadan?
You can’t eat/drink during daylight hours so have to eat before Sunrise and after Sunset
Can’t Smoke or Have Sex
What are the exceptions to fasting?
Pregnant Women
Mothers Nursing Babies
Children
ill/Sick
What is the Focus of Ramadan?
Proves Self Discipline
Shows Muslims Can Sacrifice Physical Needs for G-D
Reminder of how the Poor Feel
To help the Poor however possible
What is Iftar?
The Meal that Breaks the Fast each evening
What is the Night of Power?
Marks the Beginning of G-D’s Revelations to Muahmmad
One of the Odd- Numbered Dates in the Second Half of Ramadan
On each date they devote themselves to the Qur’an and Prayer
Quote about the Importance of the Night of Power
“The Night of Glory is better than a thousand months”
What is Hajj?
Pilgrimage
Fifth Pillar of Islam
What is a Pilgrimage?
A journey made for Religious reasons as a sign of Devotion
When does Hajj take Place?
Made at least once during a Lifetime
Some Communities Provide Financial Support to make this happen
8-12th Dhul Hijjah- Last month of Islamic Calendar
Where does Hajj take Place?
Starts and Ends in Makkah
What is a quote about the importance of Hajj?
“Pilgrimage to the House is a duty to those who can undertake it”
What are the Origins of Hajj?
4000 Years Ago, Ibrahim and Family told to go to Arabia by G-D
Ibrahim was told to Leave Hajira and Ishmael on their own with Supplies
The Supplies Ran out- Hajirah ran between two hills called Safa and Marwah begging for water
Ishmael Struck his foot and Water Appeared- Traded for Food
When Ibrahim Returned, Built Shrine dedicated to G-D: Ka’aba
Entering a State of Ihram
Ritual Washing, Praying, Putting on Ihram Clothing
Men wear 2 Sheets of White Cloth
Women wear a single Colour covering their whole body apart from their face
Circling the Ka’aba
Hajj begins in Makkah at the Ka’aba
Pilgrims Circle 7 times anti-Clockwise
Try to Touch Black Sone built in or Raise hand to Acknowledge it
Only Surviving Stone From Original Ka’aba
Recite Pilgrims Prayer
What is the Pilgrims Prayer?
“Here I am. Oh Lord, at your service. Praise and blessings to you”
Travelling to Arafat
Pilgrims Walk along covered Hallway linking Safa and Marwah 7 Times
Return to Ka’aba to Collect bottles of water from Zamzam Well
13 Mile walk/ride to Arafat
Halfway they stop at Mina for the night where they Pray and read the Qur’an
Standing at Arafat
Dawn of 9th Dhul-Hijjah, Pilgrims walk from Mina to Arafat Pray all afternoon outside G-D will forgive all sins if done Some Stand all afternoon Authorities provide water and toilets
Throwing Pebbles at Mina
Muslims walk to Muzdalifah and spend the night
Collect 49 Small Pebbles to Use the next day at Mina
Throw them at 3 Stone Walls Called the Jamarat on the 10th
This Represents the Devil
Shows they reject Evil
Many Sacrifice an animal as part of Id-Ul-Adha
Returning to Makkah
Return to Makkah the next day
Cirle Ka’aba 7 more times
Return and Spend 2 Nights in Mina
What happens once Hajj is completed?
Many go to Madinah to Visit The Prophets Mosque- Al-Masjid an-Nabawi to see Muhammad’s Tomb
What is the Significance of the Hajj?
Become a Hajji Deep Spiritual Transformation Teaches Sincerity and Humility Produces Inner Peace Shows Self Discipline Emphasises Unity and Equality Forgiveness of Sins
What are the 10 Obligatory Acts of Shi’a Islam?
Salah Sawm Zakah Khums Hajj Jihad Amr-Bil-Maruf Nahi Anil Munkar Tawallah Tabarra
What is Amr-Bil-Maruf?
Encouraging People to do what is right
What is Nahi Anil Munkar?
Discouraging People from doing what is Wrong
What is Tawallah?
Be loving to the friends of G-D
What is Tabarra?
Disassociating from the Enemies of G-D
What is Jihad?
The Struggle against Evil
Improve themselves and their lives
What is a Quote about Jihad?
“This is My path, leading straight, so follow it”
What is Greater Jihad?
Personal Inward Struggle to live in line with Islamic Teachings Observe 5 Pillars of Islam Avoid Drugs, Alcohol, Greed and Jealousy Some learn Qur'an By Heart Give Sadaqah
What is Lesser Jihad?
Outward Struggle to defend Islam from threat
Less Important than Greater Jihad
Doesn’t Justify Terrorism that Targets Innocent Civillians
What are the Criteria for Holy War?
Declared by Fair, Religious Leader
Cannot make people convert to Islam
Must be in response to a threat against Islam
Mustn’t be used to gain territory or wealth
Must be a last Resort
Jihadists
Muslim Extremists
What are the Origins of Id-Ul-Fitr and Id-Ul Adha?
When Muhammad arrived in Madinah, he noticed two groups celebrating on 2 Separate Days
Became Id-Ul-Fitr and Id-Ul Adha
Id-ul-Fitr
Muslim Festival Celebrating the End of Ramadan
Why is Id-ul-Fitr Importance?
Festival of Breaking the Fast Aka Sweet Festival/Lesser Eid Marks the End of Ramadan Thanking G-D for giving them the strength to Fast Thanking G-D for Wisdom and Guidance
How is Id-ul-Fitr Celebrated?
1-3 Dyas Gather in Mosques or Large Outdoor Areas Sermon on Helping those in Need Wear Best Clothes Decorate Homes Eat Special Foods Presents Day of School/Work Visit Local Cemetery Street Processions
Id-Ul-Adha
Muslim Festival Celebrating Ibrahim’s Willingness to Sacrifice Ishmael
Why is Id-Ul-Adha important?
Festival of Sacrifice
10th Dhul-Hijjah
4 Days
Remember Ibrahim’s Willingness to Sacrifice Ishmael
How is Id-ul-Adha Celebrated?
Visit Family and Friends Enjoy Festive Meals Prayers in Mosque with Sermon Pilgrims Slaughter Animal on Hajj Give Money to Poor Presents
What is Ashura?
Major Shi’a Festival on 10th Muharram
Remember death of Muhammad’s Son Husayn
Day of Mourning
What do Sunni Muslims Call Ashura?
Day of Atonement- Israelites freed from Egypt
What is the Story of Ashura?
Battle of Karbala between Husayn and Caliph Yazid
Lasted all day but Husayn Lost and their camps and bodies were burnt
Women and Children Allowed to live but taken captive
What is Ashura seen as a struggle against?
Injustice
Tyranny
Oppression
How is Ashura Commemorated?
Public Holiday Some beat themselves with chains Processions in Marble Arch Donate Blood Muslims in Iraq go to Husayn's Tomb Sunni Muslims Fast, give to charity and pray
