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World Religions > Judaism > Flashcards

Judaism Flashcards

1
Q

B’rit Milah

A

Covenant of circumcision, traditionally performed on the eighth day of a boy’s life.

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2
Q

Mohel

A

Highly skilled ritual circumciser.

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2
Q

Kvater/Kvaterin

A

Godfather/Godmother: those who carry the baby into the b’rit ceremony

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3
Q

Sandak

A

Person who holds the baby during the ceremony

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4
Q

Seudat Mitzvah

A

A festive meal which honors the observance of a mitzvah

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5
Q

Mi Sheberach

A

Literally: “May the One who blessed”. A prayer usually, but not solely, recited after a person has been honored with a Torah blessing. There are various forms of this prayer, one of which is used to name a child.

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5
Q

B’rit HaChayim

A

Literally: “covenant of life”. A home ceremony for the naming of baby girls.

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6
Q

Pidyon Haben/Habat

A

Literally: “redemption of the (first-born) son/daughter.”Home ceremony which takes place on the thirty-first day of a child’s life.

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7
Q

Kiddush Pe’ter Rechem

A

Modern ceremony celebrating the birth of the first child

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8
Q

Chanukah

A

Literally: dedication

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9
Q

Menorah

A

Seven- or eight-branched candelabra. Most commonly used to refer to the eight-branched Chanukah lamp

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10
Q

Gelt

A

Yiddish word for “money”; given as a Chanukah present, used for playing dreidel

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11
Q

Dreidel

A

Yiddish for “top”; used in Chanukah game. Known in Hebrew as “sevivon“

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11
Q

Latke

A

Yiddish word for “pancake”. Potato latkes are traditionally eaten on Chanukah

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12
Q

Nes Gadol Hayah Sham

A

Literally: “A great miracle happened there.”First letters of these four words are found on the dreidel

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13
Q

Sufganiyot

A

Jelly doughnuts served in Israel on Chanukah

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14
Q

Ger/Gioret

A

“One who is invited to join the Hebrew tribe.”The masculine and feminine forms of the Hebrew term for convert

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15
Q

Halachah

A

Jewish Law

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16
Q

Gerut

A

Conversion

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17
Q

Milah

A

Ritual circumcision

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17
Q

Tevilah

A

Immersion in a ritual bath (mikveh) or any natural body of water which can serve as a mikveh.

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18
Q

Gan Eden

A

Literally: Garden of Eden; paradise

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19
Q

Kevod HaMet

A

Honor due to the dead. One of the two principes that govern the Jewish approach to death and mourning.

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19
Q

Gehinom

A

Literally: Valley of Hinom; place of punishment

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20
Q

Taharah

A

Ritual purification

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21
Q

Chevrah Kadisha

A

Group of people entrusted with the mitzvah of preparing the body for burial

22
Q

Mitzvah

A

Commandment; obligatory responses to our Jewish traditions

23
Q

Yizkor

A

Memorial services held on Yom Kippur and on the last day of Pesach, Shavout, and Sukot

24
Q

Kaddish

A

Prayer praising God. There are several Kaddish prayers recited during the service, one of which is recited in memory of the departed

25
Q

Yahrzeit

A

Anniversary of the death

26
Q

Shivah

A

Seven-day mourning period beginning with the burial

27
Q

Sheloshim

A

Thirty-day mourning period

27
Q

Keriah

A

Tearing of a garment or a ribbon as an expression of grief

28
Q

Bar/Bat (Bas) Mitzvah

A

Ceremony marking youngster’s reaching the age of religious majority

28
Q

Tzedakah

A

Literally: justice, righteousness; the Hebrew word we use for charity

29
Q

Minyan

A

Quorum of ten people necessary for public prayer

30
Q

Kiddushin

A

Marriage

30
Q

Chatan

A

Groom

31
Q

Kalah

A

Bride

32
Q

Ketubah

A

Marriage contract

33
Q

Kosher

A

Ritually fit

34
Q

Get

A

Religious divorce

35
Q

Haggadah (pl. Haggadot)

A

Literally: telling.It is our duty to tell the story of Passover, particularly to the children.

36
Q

Purim

A

Literally: lots

37
Q

ROSH HASHANAH

A

Rosh Hashanah – Literally: the “head of the year”; the New Year.

38
Q

Shofar

A

Ram’s horn

39
Q

Chet

A

Literally: “missing the mark”; a Hebrew term for sin

40
Q

Teshuvah

A

Literally: “returning”; a Hebrew term for repentance

41
Q

Shavuot

A

Literally: “weeks”. This festival occurs seven weeks after Pesach

42
Q

Torah

A

Literally: “teaching.”In a narrow sense it is the Five Books of Moses, hand-written on a parchment scroll. In a broad sense, it is everything which flows from this (i.e. Judaism).

42
Q

TaNaCH

A

Acronym for Torah, Nevi’im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings)- the three sections of the Hebrew Bible

43
Q

Parashah

A

The weekly Torah portion

44
Q

Galut

A

Exile

44
Q

Zionism

A

The belief that there should be a Jewish homeland in Zion (Israel)

45
Q

Pogrom

A

Organized attach on the Jewish community.

45
Q

Yom HaAtzma-ut

A

Literally: “Day of Independence”; Israeli Independence Day

46
Q

Yiddish

A

Judeo-German; the everyday language of the Jews of Eastern Europe

47
Q

Yom HaShoah

A

Literally: “Holocaust Day.” A day set aside to remember the Holocaust and to honor the memory of those who perished.

48
Q

Shtetl

A

A small Jewish village in Eastern Europe

49
Q

Kol Nidrei

A

Literally: all vows. Opening prayer for Yom Kippur eve.

49
Q

Yom Kippur

A

Day of Atonement

50
Q

Matzah

A

The unleavened bread eaten in recollection of the hurried departure from Egypt. The eating of matzah is obligatory only at the seder. During the rest of Pesach, one may abstain from matzah as long as all chamets is avoided.

51
Q

Chamets

A

Leavened bread and anything made with wheat, rye, barley, oats, and spelt unless supervised to ensure that it has not leavened.

52
Q

Afikoman

A

A Greek word meaning “dessert.” We make the matzah the official dessert of the seder meal. To keep the children alert during the seder, the afikoman is hidden. The children find it and the leader of the seder must redeem it

World Religions (7 decks)

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