Jones

Question 1

• length of a particular path from A to B,
• a scalar quantity

Answer 1

Distance

Question 2

• distance travelled but with associated direction
• a vector quantity

Answer 2

Displacement

Question 3

Change in position (∆x) divided by time for change (∆t)

Answer 3

Velocity

Question 4

• The rate of change of velocity
• a vector quantity

Answer 4

Acceleration

Question 5

A body continues at rest, or at constant velocity, unless acted on by a force.

Answer 5

Newton’s First Law

Question 6

When a force is applied to an object the acceleration is proportional to the force applied and the constant of proportionality is the mass of the object.

Answer 6

Newton’s Second Law

Question 7

Which law establishes F=ma?

Answer 7

Newton’s second law

Question 8

To every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Answer 8

Newton’s third law

Question 9

Centripetal acceleration

Answer 9

The acceleration pointing towards the center of circular motion

Question 10

An object is in ____ equilibrium if the forces acting on it are such that it remains stationary.

Answer 10

static

Question 11

____ equilibrium: object returns to equilibrium after small displacement

Answer 11

stable

Question 12

____ equilibrium: object does not return to equilibrium after small displacement

Answer 12

unstable

Question 13

Torque is defined as

Answer 13

Force times distance

Question 14

Work is defined as

Answer 14

Force times distance

Question 15

We say that friction is a ____ force; it removes mechanical energy (KE +PE) from a system.

Answer 15

dissipative

Question 16

Forces which do not remove mechanical energy are called ____ forces.

Answer 16

conservative

Question 17

Power is defined as

Answer 17

Work / time

Question 18

In what type of collision is

• Momentum is conserved
• Kinetic energy is also conserved

Answer 18

Elastic

Question 19

In what type of collision is

• Momentum is conserved
• Kinetic energy is not conserved – some
  energy converted into thermal energy, sound
  or used to deform the objects.

Answer 19

Inelastic

Question 20

In what type of collision do

• The colliding objects stick together after the collision

Answer 20

sticky inelastic collision

Question 21

Atoms with same number of protons (Z), but different number of neutrons, thus different mass number (A)

Answer 21

Isotopes

Question 22

The four fundamental forces

Answer 22

• Gravity
• Electromagnetism
• Strong nuclear force
• Weak nuclear force

Question 23

The ____ nuclear force is responsible for neutron decay, leading to beta-particle emission.

Answer 23

weak

Question 24

____ particles are a fast moving electrons, lower in mass and more penetrating.

Answer 24

Beta

Question 25

____ particles are a He-nucleus (no electrons), their large mass leads to a strong interaction with matter but it is easily stopped

Answer 25

Alpha

Question 26

____ decay results from nuclear mass-loss

Answer 26

Alpha

Question 27

____ decay accompanies nucleon transformation

Answer 27

Beta

Question 28

β- decay, n:p ratio ____

Answer 28

decreases

Question 29

β+ decay, n:p ratio ____

Answer 29

increases

Question 30

The time for half the nuclei to decay

Answer 30

Half-life

Question 31

How do lasers work?

Answer 31

Light is bounced back and forth between two mirrors to create excited photons

Question 32

Electromagnetic radiation with wavelength below about 10 nm

Answer 32

X-rays

Question 33

μ kinetic ____ than μ static

Answer 33

less