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Neuroscience Quiz 1 > Jonathan and Spencer's Topography - Sheet1 > Flashcards

Jonathan and Spencer's Topography - Sheet1 Flashcards

1
Q

structure

A

anatomy/function

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2
Q

dorsolateral/ventrolateral sulci

A

point of entry of dorsal roots; exit of ventral roots

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3
Q

anterior median sulcus

A

anterior spinal artery is found here; contains a double fold of pia mater, and its floor is formed by a transverse band of white substance, the anterior white commissure, which is perforated by blood vessels on their way to or from the central part of the medulla spinalis.

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4
Q

dorsal median sulcus

A

is a narrow groove; and exists only in the closed part of the medulla oblongata; it becomes gradually shallower from below upward, and ends about the middle of the medulla oblongata, where the central canal expands into the cavity of the fourth ventricle.

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5
Q

dorsal intermediate sulcus

A

cervical region; groove in middle of dorsal columns

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6
Q

3 regions of spinal cord

A

dorsal, lateral, anterior funiculi

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7
Q

dorsal columns

A

ascending track; the area of white matter in the dorsomedial side of the spinal cord. It is made up of the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus and itself is part of the dorsal funiculus. It is part of an ascending pathway that is important for well-localized fine touch and conscious proprioception called the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway.

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8
Q

posterior intermediate sulcus

A

divides legs and arms track in dorsal columns

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9
Q

folia

A

small folds in cerebellum

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10
Q

primary fissure

A

separates folia of anterior lobe from posterior lobe of cerebellum

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11
Q

vermis

A

medial part of cerebellum

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12
Q

hemispheres of cerebellum

A

lateral part of cerebellum

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13
Q

flocculus

A

antero-inferior lobes of cerebellum; a small lobe of the cerebellum at the posterior border of the middle cerebellar peduncle; It is associated with the nodulus of the vermis; together, these two structures compose the vestibular part of the cerebellum.

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14
Q

inferior cerebellar peduncle

A

provide input/output from cerebellum; connects cerebellum to dorsolateral side of medulla; appears as upward continuation from the spinal cord; Important fibers running through the inferior cerebellar peduncle include the spinocerebellar tract and axons from the inferior olivary nucleus, among others.

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15
Q

middle cerebellar peduncle

A

connects pons to cerebellum; large bulge in lateral side of brainstem

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16
Q

superior cerebellar peduncles

A

conenct cerebellum to midbrain

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17
Q

basal pons

A

divides medulla and midbrain: Infarction in this region can impair motor functioning.
The basis pontis undergoes demyelination in the condition known as central pontine myelinolysis. This condition is due to the rapid intravenous correction of hyponatremia.

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18
Q

gracile tubercle

A

superior ends of dorsal columns, A visible bump covering the gracile nucleus, which participate in the sensation of fine touch and proprioception of the lower body (legs and trunk). It contains second-order neurons, which receive inputs from sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia and send axons that synapse in the thalamus.

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19
Q

tuber cinerium

A

small prominence on sides of medulla; marks trigeminal nerve fibers descending lateral brainstem (note: wiki has this as something totally different: hollow eminence between the mamillary bodies and the optic chiasm)

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20
Q

inferior olivary nucleus

A

large prominence on ventral-lateral part of medulla; The inferior olivary nucleus is the largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata. involved in control and coordination of movements,[1] sensory processing and cognitive tasks likely by encoding the timing of sensory input independently of attention or awareness .[2][3] [4] Lesions to the inferior olive have been associated with a decreased ability to perfect highly specialized motor tasks, such as improving one’s accuracy in hitting a target with a ball.[5] There is some evidence that it is stimulated by ghrelin.[6]

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21
Q

post/preolivary sulcus

A

grooves on dorsal/ventral side of inferior olive

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22
Q

hypoglossal nerve leaves brain from where?

A

leaves brain from preolivary sulcus

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23
Q

glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves leaves brain from where?

A

leave brain from postolivary sulcus

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24
Q

medullary pyramid

A

two long cords running on ventral side of brainstem; cerebral cortex nerve fibers used for fine/skilled motor movements

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25
Q

pyramidal decussation

A

site where most of pyramidal nerve fibers cross; defines cervical-medullary junction

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26
Q

4th ventricle

A

diamond shaped; dorsal aspect of brainstem; begins at beginning of medulla and covers rostral medulla and pons

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27
Q

obex

A

caudal point of 4th ventricle; central canal of spinal cord opens into ventricular system

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28
Q

stria medullaris

A

crosses floor of 4th ventricle; defines division between medulla and pons

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29
Q

sulcus limitans

A

lateral groove on floor of 4th ventricle

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30
Q

hypoglossal trigone

A

medial to suclus limitans in medulla

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31
Q

vagus trigone

A

lateral to sulcus limitans in medulla

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32
Q

facial colliculus

A

medial in medulla; contains facial nerve and abducens nucleus

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33
Q

vestiblar trigone

A

lateral in medulla

34
Q

medial to lateral nerves of pontine-medullary junction

35
Q

acoustic tubercle

A

vestibulocochlear nerve bulge

36
Q

trigeminal nerve

A

passes through middle cerebellar peduncle

37
Q

cerebral peduncles

A

bands on either side of midbrain; contain most nerve fibers leaving cerebral cortex heading for brainstem or spinal cord; injury can be devastating

38
Q

interpeduncular fossa

A

depression between cerebral peduncles; oculomotor nerve eminates from this fossa

39
Q

corpora quadragemina

A

four bumps on dorsal surface of midbrain

40
Q

inferior colliculi

A

two caudal bumps of corpora quadragemina; deal with hearing

41
Q

superior colliculi

A

two rostral bumps of corpora quadragemina; eye responses to visual signals and loud sounds

42
Q

tectum

A

superior + inferior colliculi

43
Q

brachium of inferior colliculi

A

ridge running caudally to medial geniculate nucleus

44
Q

brachium of superior colliculi

A

ridge running to lateral geniculate nucleus

45
Q

diencephalon

A

rostral to midbrain; consists of hypothalamus, (dorsal) thalamus, epithalamus; walls of 3rd ventricle

46
Q

portions of hypothalamus

A

mamillary bodies, infundibulum, lamina terminalis

47
Q

stalk of pituitary gland

A

infundibulum and lamina terminalis extension to pituitary gland

48
Q

median eminence/tuber cinerium

A

bump on infundibulum critical for neuroendocrine control

49
Q

optic chiasm

A

rostral to infundibulum; nerve fibers from eye cross here

50
Q

epithalamus

A

dorsal side of diencephalon; contains pineal gland in midline and habenular nuclei

51
Q

3rd venticle

A

diencephalon = walls;

52
Q

hypothalamic sulcus

A

groove from A to P along wall of 3rd ventricle

53
Q

hypothalamus

A

ventral to hypothalamic suclus

54
Q

dorsal thalamus

A

walls of 3rd ventricle,

55
Q

massa intermedia/thalamic adhesion

A

between two thalami

56
Q

stria medullaris thalami

A

ridge from A to P along dorsal side of thalamus; from habenular nuclei

57
Q

thalamus

A

nuclei that are relay sites for cerebral cortex inputs for most general sensations

58
Q

medial geniculate bodies

A

chief relay site of auditory information to cerebral cortex

59
Q

lateral geniculate bodies

A

chief relay site of visual information to cerebral cortex

60
Q

telencephalon

A

newest portion; cerebral hemispheres and basal ganglia

61
Q

cerebral cortex

A

R and L hemispheres; 4 lobes

62
Q

Sylvian (lateral) fissure

A

divides cerebral cortex lobes

63
Q

central sulcus

A

divides cerebral cortex lobes

64
Q

parietal-occipital sulcus

A

divides cerebral cortex lobes

65
Q

frontal lobes

A

anterior to central sulcus

66
Q

temporal lobe

A

ventral to lateral fissure

67
Q

parietal lobe

A

between frontal and occipital lobes

68
Q

precentral gyrus

A

anterior to central sulcus; neurons directed to spinal cord for movement

69
Q

postcentral gyrus

A

posterior to central sulcus; termination of somatic sensory fibers coming from the thalamus; stimulation would cause certain sensations projected onto face

70
Q

transverse gyri

A

superior aspect of temporal lobe to depths of lateral fissure

71
Q

insula

A

superior aspect of temporal lobe to depths of lateral fissure

72
Q

calcarine sulcus

A

from posterior occipital to parietal-occipital sulcus

73
Q

corpus callosum

A

medial; commisural connections from one side of brain to other

74
Q

rostrum

A

rostral portion of corpus callosum

75
Q

splenium

A

posterior portion of corpus callosum

76
Q

cingulate gyrus

A

follows corpus callosum

77
Q

subcallosal region

A

ventral to rostrum

78
Q

septum pellucidum

A

separates two lateral ventricles

79
Q

fornix

A

inferior portion of septum pellucidum; follows lateral ventricle posterior and lateral into temporal lobe

80
Q

anterior commissure

A

dorsal/rostral to hypothalamus; connects two sides of brain

81
Q

interventricular foramen of Monroe

A

lets CSF travel from lateral ventricle to enter 3rd ventricle

Neuroscience Quiz 1 (14 decks)

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