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MSK Upper Arm!!! > Joints of Upper LImb - Ch. 15 > Flashcards

Joints of Upper LImb - Ch. 15 Flashcards

1
Q

sternoclavicular joint

A
  • synovial, saddle joint
  • articulates with: manubrium, costal cartilage of 1st rib, sternal end of clavicle
  • ligaments keep clavicle from popping up
  • articular cartilage is fibrocartilage and is VERY strong
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2
Q

ligaments of sternoclavicular joint

A
  • articular capsule
  • A/P sternoclavicular ligament (weeker)
  • interclavicular ligament (continuous across jugular notch)
  • costoclavicular lig. (1st rib–>medial inferior portion of clavicle) : this limits elevation of medial end of clavicle
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3
Q

what limits excessive movment of clavicle?

A
  • subclavius muscle and costoclavicular ligament work together to do this.
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4
Q

fibrocartilageinous articular disk

A

divides sternoclavicular joint into two joint cavities - it is important for modification for joint stability.
- functions to cushionjoint and prevent upward and medial dislocation –> the two joint cavities increase overall motion

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5
Q

acromioclavicular joint

A
  • synovial - plane (gliding) - doesn’t move much

- ligaments: articular capsule, superior/inferior acromioclavicular ligaments, coracoclavicular ligament

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6
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament

A
  • strongest of ligaments stabilizing acromioclavicular joint
  • anchors clavicle to coracoid process
    1. conoid part: more medial
    2. trapezoid part: lateral
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7
Q

Glenohumeral joint

A
  • synovial; ball and socket
  • articulates with glenoid cavity of scapula and head of humerus
    ligaments: articular capsule, coracohumeral ligament, coracoacromial ligament, transverse humeral ligament
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8
Q

articular capsule of glenohumeral joint

A

thin and loose, contributes to joint flexibility in all ROMs

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9
Q

coracohumeral ligament

A

helps prevent inferior dislocation

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10
Q

coracoacromial ligament

A

helps prevent superior dislocation of glenohumeral joint

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11
Q

glenohumeral bands/ligaments

A

internal aspect of anterior wall of jiont capusle. they prevent anterior and posterior inferior dislocation

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12
Q

elbow joint

A
  • synovial hinge joint
  • articulates: trochlea of humerus with trochlear notch of ulna, capitulum of humerus with head of radius, head of radius with radial notch of the ulna
  • contains articular capuslue, ulnar collateral ligaments and radial collateral ligaments
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13
Q

ulnar collateral ligaments

A

(makes a triangle on intermedial part of of elbow

  • anterior part (strongest)
  • posterior part (weaker)
  • oblique/transverse part (weakest)- helps close semilunar notch of ulna medially
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13
Q

ulnar collateral ligaments

A

(makes a triangle on intermedial part of of elbow

  • anterior part (strongest)
  • posterior part (weaker)
  • oblique/transverse part (weakest)- helps close semilunar notch of ulna medially
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14
Q

articular capsule of elbow joint

A
  • weak anteriorly and posteriorly (in range of motion), but is strongly reinforced by collateral ligaments
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14
Q

articular capsule of elbow joint

A
  • weak anteriorly and posteriorly (in range of motion), but is strongly reinforced by collateral ligaments
15
Q

radial collateral ligament

A

lateral portion of elbow

- from lateral epicondyle to annular ligament of radius

15
Q

radial collateral ligament

A

lateral portion of elbow

- from lateral epicondyle to annular ligament of radius

16
Q

proximal radioulnar joint

A
  • synovial - pivot joint
  • articulates head of radius and radial notch of ulna
  • shares joint capsule with elbow joint - strengthened by attachments of anterior capsular and lateral collateral ligaments of the elbow joint
  • ligaments: annular ligament
16
Q

proximal radioulnar joint

A
  • synovial - pivot joint
  • articulates head of radius and radial notch of ulna
  • shares joint capsule with elbow joint - strengthened by attachments of anterior capsular and lateral collateral ligaments of the elbow joint
  • ligaments: annular ligament
17
Q

intercarpal joints

A
  • synovial/plane

- articulates between carpals of proximal row and carpals of distal row

17
Q

annular ligament

A

encircles head of radius and attaches to ulna above and interior to radial notch - not main supporter

18
Q

distal radio-ulnar ligament

A
  • synovial, pivot joint
  • artciulations between head of ulna and ulnar notch of radius
  • has capsular ligaments (weak) and fibrocartilaginous articular disk (attaches distal radius to ulnar styloid process)
19
Q

interosseous membrane

A
  • spans radius and ulna - these fibers pass inferiorly and medially from radius to ulna
  • due to the strong structure of the elbow and distal radio-ulnar joint, the interosseous membrane resists the tendency of two bones to be forced in opposite directions
  • the strong articulations are at the ulnar-elbow connection and radial-wrist connection - force is applied to these areas due to the fiber direction
20
Q

radio-carpal joint

A
  • synovial, ellipsoidal/condyloid
  • articulates distal radius and articular disk of distal radiolunar joint with the scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum (not psiform at all!)
  • ligaments: articular capsule, palmar/dorsal radiocarpal lig, ulnocarpal ligament, radial and ulnar collateral ligaments
21
Q

humeroscapular rhythm

A

1-2 degrees of scapular rotation for every 2-3 degrees of glenohumeral rotation

  • 90 degrees of abduction = 60 degrees humeral rotation, 30 degrees of scapular rotation
  • abduction is initiated by supraspinatus and deltoid to 90 degrees of abduction
  • rotation of scapula above 90 degrees is by trapezius and serratus anterior
  • lateral rotation by infraspinatus and teres minor
22
Q

mid-carpal joint

A
  • exists because there are no interosseous ligaments between the proximal and distal row of carpals - this joint allows for increased flexibility of the wrist during flexion, extension and opposition
23
Q

interphalangeal joints

A

synovial, hinge joints (flexion/extension)

Note: they are strengthened dorsally by passage of extensor expansion and extensor digitorum tendons

24
Q

deep transverse metacarpal ligament

A
  • keeps metacarpals aligned
  • unites palmar surface of heads of metacarpals 2-5
  • creates webbing of fingers
25
Q

shoulder abduction: ROM, GH/scapular/humeral rotation?

A
  1. ROM: ball and socket joint, shallow glenoid cavity, loos fibrous capsule
  2. Glenohumeral rotation: deltoid, rotator cuff muscles
  3. Scapular rotation: trapezius, serr. anterior
  4. humeral rotation: infraspinatus, teres minor
26
Q

humeroscapular rhythm

A

1-2 degrees of scapular rotation for every 2-3 degrees of glenohumeral rotation

  • 90 degrees of abduction = 60 degrees humeral rotation, 30 degrees of scapular rotation
  • abduction is initiated by supraspinatus and deltoid to 90 degrees of abduction
  • rotation of scapula above 90 degrees is by trapezius and serratus anterior
  • lateral rotation by infraspinatus and teres minor
27
Q

metacarpophalangeal joints

A

synovial condyloid joint

  • articulates heads of all metacarpals to bases of five proximal phalanges
  • dorsally the metacarpophalangeal joints are strengthened by passage of tendons of extensor digitorum and extensor pollicis longus and brevis
28
Q

interphalangeal joints

A

synovial, hinge joints (flexion/extension)

Note: they are strengthened dorsally by passage of extensor expansion and extensor digitorum tendons

29
Q

Shoulder

A

Strength/Power: deltoid
Stability: Rotator cuff muscles
Flexibility: capsule
Ingtegrity: Glenoid labrum and glenohumeral ligs.

30
Q

shoulder abduction: ROM, GH/scapular/humeral rotation?

A
  1. ROM: ball and socket joint, shallow glenoid cavity, loos fibrous capsule
  2. Glenohumeral rotation: deltoid, rotator cuff muscles
  3. Scapular rotation: trapezius, serr. anterior
  4. humeral rotation: infraspinatus, teres minor
31
Q

Proximal and Distal Radio-ulnar joints

A

Type: synovial pivot
Mvmnts: pronation/supination
muscles: pronator teres and quadratus, supinator and biceps brachii

MSK Upper Arm!!! (12 decks)

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