Joints of the Vertebral Column and Thorax Flashcards
Vertebrae form two sets of joints:
One is cartilaginous which is formed by a direct connection of?
Vertebral bodies
Vertebrae form two sets of joints:
One is synovial which is formed by articulations between?
Vertebral Arches
Long ligaments extend over many vertebrae. Modified cranially for?
Free movement of the head
Long ligaments extend over many vertebrae. Modified caudally for?
in pelvic region where sacral fusion occurs
The atlanto-occipital joint is formed between what?
condyles of skull and concavities of the Atlas (C1)
What movement does the Atlanto-occipital joint allow?
Flexion and Extension - “nodding” movement
What is the Atlantoaxial joint formed between?
Atlas (C1) and Body/Debs of the axis (C2)
What movement does the Atlantoaxial joint allow for?
Rotation - “Head Shaking No” movement
What does the transverse ligament of the atlas do (Atlantoaxial Joint)
Holds dens to fovea dentis of Atlas
What does the apical and alar ligaments connect (atlantoaxial joint)
connects dens to skull
What does the dorsal atlantoaxial ligament join together?
the spine of Axis (C2) to the arch of the Atlas (C1)
The Nuchal Ligament connects spine of Axis (C2) to?
First thoracic vertebrae (T1)
The Nuchal Ligament is missing in what species?
Cats and Pigs
Synovial joints of the veterebra are found between what parts of the vertabrae
Between the vertebral articular processes on the arches
The cartilaginous joints of the vertebral column is in the form as what between what?
Intervertebral Discs between Vertebral Bodies
The outer collagenous fiber layer of intervertebral discs is called?
Anulus Fibrosus
The inner gelatinous core or intervertebral discs is called?
Nucleus pulposus
What movement does the synovial joints between vertebral arches via the articular process allow?
Rotation, Flexion/Extension
Where is the dorsal longitudinal ligament located?
along floor of vertebral canal
Axis (C2) to Sacrum
Where is the Ventral Longitudinal Ligament located?
along ventral spect of vertebral body
Runs from mid-thoracic spine to sacrum
The supraspinous ligament connects what?
Spinous process of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
The Interspinous ligament is located between what?
Spinous processes of vertebrae
The nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrous age with the animal.
Anulus can fragment and allows what
allows nucleus pulposus to push up into spinal cord
The nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrous age with the animal.
Nucleus can calcify which does what?
Decreases flexibility of the spine
What region of the body is most at risk due to its increased mobility?
neck
The hed of a rib and the vertebral column forms what type of Joint?
Costovertebral joint - ball and socket with restricted mobility
Where does the intercapital ligament run through?
the intervertebral foramen and crosses the vertebral canal
What does the intercapital ligament insert upon?
Opposite rib
What does the intercapital ligament pass below?
Dorsal Longitudinal Ligament
What type of joint does the tubercle of rib form with the vertebral column?
Costotransverse Joint - Sliding Joint
What attaches the tubercle of the rib to the vertebral column at the costotransverse joint?
Attached by Costotransverse Ligament
What is the costosternal joints formed by
ribs joining the sternum - called the Synovial Pivot Joint
The interchondral Joints within ribs are made of
Rib bone and the cartilage (also called costochondral junction)
Intersternal joints are between
sternebrae
