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Lower limb > Joints of the Lower Limb > Flashcards

Joints of the Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What is the weight of the body transmitted through

A

Lumbar vertebrae

Sacroiliac joints at the hip joint

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2
Q

What deepens the acetabulum

A

Rim of fibrocartilage - acetabular labrum

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3
Q

Where does the ligament of the head of the femur attach

A

Weak ligament

Attaches the femoral head to the acetabulum

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4
Q

What is the joint capsule reinforced by

A

Joint capsule

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5
Q

Where do the arteries of the hip joint mainly arise from

A

Profunda femoris

Give rise to retinacular arteries that run along the neck of the femur to supply the femoral head

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6
Q

What are the three ligaments which stabilise the hip joint

A

Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

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7
Q

What is the knee joint an articulation of

A

Femoral condyles
Tibial condyles

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8
Q

What are the tibial plateaus like

A

Flat

Do not provide good fit for femoral condyles

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9
Q

What provides the knee joint stability

A

Muscles
Tendons
Cartilages
Ligaments

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10
Q

What does the iliotibial tract attach

A

Lateral aspect of the tibia

Stabilises the knee

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11
Q

What are menisci (meniscus)

A

C-shaped cartilages

Lie on the tibial plateaus

Wedge-shaped

Thickest part laying peripherally

Thinnest part laying centrally

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12
Q

What is the role of menisci (meniscus)

A

Deepen the tibial condyles for articulation with the femoral condyles

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13
Q

What is the difference between the medial and lateral meniscus

A

Medial - attached to joint capsule along its peripheral margin
Attached to medial (tibial) collateral ligament

Lateral - Not attached to lateral (fibular) collateral ligament
Can move freely

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14
Q

What supports the knee and resist sideways movement of the tibia on the femur

A

Medial (tibial) and lateral (fibular) collateral ligaments

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15
Q

What does the medial collateral ligament attach

A

Femur to the tibia

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16
Q

What does the lateral collateral ligament attach

A

Femur to the fibula

17
Q

What connects the tibia to the femur

A

Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

(named according to their attachments to the tibia)

18
Q

Where is the anterior cruciate ligament attached and attaches

A

Attached - anterior part of the intercondylar area of the tibia

Attaches - medial aspect of the lateral condyle of the femur

19
Q

What is the role of the anterior cruciate ligament

A

Prevents tibia from moving anteriorly relative to the femur

20
Q

Where is the posterior cruciate ligament attached and attaches

A

Attached - Posterior part of the intercondylar area of the tibia

Attaches - Lateral aspect of the medial condyle of the femur

21
Q

What is the role of the posterior cruciate ligament

A

Prevents tibia moving posteriorly relative to the femur

Crucial for stability of the knee when walking downhill or downstairs

Lower limb (3 decks)

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