Joints and Synovial Joint Movements Flashcards
Amphiarthrosis.
Limited mobility; examples: vertebrae or acetabelum
Cartilaginous joint.
Examples: pubic symphysis, epipyhseal cartilage, synchondrosis
Diarthrosis.
example: knee, shoulder, elbow
Fibrous joint.
Examples: teeth, sutures, ligaments in tibia and fibula
Synarthrosis joint.
immovable joints;
Synovial joint.
same as diarthrosis
Gliding
Nearly flat bone surfaces slide or glide over each other.
Angular
- Flexion
- Extension
- Abduction
- Adduction
- Circumduction
Flexion
Decrease in the angle between bones of a joint; usually occurs on a sagittal plane
Extenstion
Increase in the angle between bones of a joint; restore to anatomical position
Abduction
Move appendage away from midline
Adduction
Move appendage toward the midline
Circumduction
Move a distal part of an appendage in a circle.
Rotation
Turn on a pivot circle
Special joint movements
- Elevation
- Depression
- Protraction
- Retraction
- Supination
- Pronation
- Inversion
- Eversion
- Dorsiflextion
- Plantar flexion
Plane
Flat or slightly curved articular surfaces; gliding morion back and forth and/or side to side
Hinge
Convex bone surface articulates with a concave bone surface; flexion and extension
Pivot
Rounded or pointed projection articulates with ring formed by bone and ligament; rotation
Condyloid
Oval convex projection articulates with oval concave depression; flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, circumduction
Saddle
Saddle-shaped depression articulates with projection that fits into the saddle; same as condyloid, except more exaggerated
Ball-and-socket
Ball-shaped head articulates with cup-shaped pocket; freely moveable joint, flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, circumduction, and rotation
