joints and movements Flashcards
what are the three classifications of joint movement
no movement, slight movement, full movement
what are the three joints in the no movement classification
sutures: non-moving joints that connect bones in the skull
gomphoses: fibrous articulations between the teeth and mandible
synchondroses: immovable cartilaginous joints between the first pair of ribs and the sternum
what are the two joints in the slight movement category
syndesmosomes: ligaments that connect two bones
sympheses: fibrocartilaginous pads that connect to bones
what is the joint in the full movement category?
synovial joints
what are the types of synovial joints (six)
gliding: allow for gliding or linear motion; carpals and tarsals
hinge: movement in a single axis, flexion and extension; elbow and knee
pivot: allow for rotational movement; C1 and C2 joint
condyloid: circumduction, flexion and extension; between the radius and carpals
saddles: between the trapezium and first metacarpal; makes thumb opposable
ball and socket: motion in any axis; hip and shoulder
describe the two main examples of ball and socket joints
the shoulder has a more shallow joint with more mobility and less stability, while the hip has a deeper joint with less mobility but more stability.
flexion/extension
decreasing joint angle/increasing joint angle
protonation/supination
palms down/palms up
internal/external rotation
rotation towards center of body/away from center of the body
plantarflexion/dorsiflexion
movement of feet or toes towards the ground/towards the shin
inversion/eversion
moving sole of the foot towards the midline/moving the foot away from the midline
protraction/retraction
movement anteriorly/movement posteriorly
adduction/abduction
movement toward the body/movement away from the body
