head, neck, and torso muscle groups Flashcards
what muscles flex the spine
longissimus thoracis, spinalis, iliocostalis, external oblique, rectus abdominis, internal oblique
what muscles extend the spine
longissimus thoracis, spinalis, iliocostalis, semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores
which muscles tense the abdominal wall?
rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis
which oblique can laterally flex the trunk and which can laterally flex the spine?
external; internal
what is the origin, insertion, and action of sternoclastomastoid
origin: manubrim and clavicle
insertion: mastoid process and occipital bone
action: draws head to one side, rotates head to opposite side, flexes cervical spine
what do the internal and external intercostals do?
external elevates the ribs to breathe in, internal depresses the ribs to breathe out
what does the diaphragm do?
expands the thoracic cavity and depresses the abdominal cavity
what does the trapezius do?
rotation, retraction, elevation, depression of scapula and levitation of clavicle
what is the main action of the rectus abdominus?
to flex the spine
what is the function of pectoralis minor?
elevate the ribs and draw the scapula down and medially
what is the function of serratus anterior?
protraction and upward rotation of scapula; elevates ribs when scapula is fixed
what is the function of rhomboid major
to stabilize the scapula
what is the function of levator scapulae
elevate the scapula medially and upward
which muscles help rotate the head?
rotatores, multifidus,
what is the function of quadratus lumborum?
depresses the twelfth rib, stabilizes the spine, flexes lumbar spine, raises pelvis
