Joints and Artculations Flashcards
Articulation definition
Articulation (Joints) = where 2 or more bones connect, their function is to allow movement and stability.
What are the 2 ways joints can be classified
Structurally and functionally
What are the functional classifications?
Synarthrosis, Amphiarthrosis, and Diarthrosis
What’s Synarthrosis
Synarthrosis= immovable joint with interlocked surfaces, joining with fibres, cartilage or bone. Bones fuse and ossify over time.
What’s Amphiarthrosis
Slightly movable joint where 2 bones are connected by collagen fibres or cartilage
What’s Diarthrosis
Freely movable joint, example = synovial joint.
Synvial joints can be classified in terms of their plane of movement- monoaxial (1 plane), biaxial (2 planes) and triaxial (3 planes)
what’s flexion
Reducing angle between articulating joints
what’s extension
Increasing angle between articulating joints
what’s hyperextension
Extension past anatomical position
what’s abduction
movement away from the longitudinal axis in the frontal plane
what’s adduction
movement toward the longitudinal axis in the frontal plane
what’s circumduction
this is circular motion without rotation, and it combines flexion/extension with abduction/adduction.
How can the forearm rotate in special ways
- Pronation= where the radius crosses over the ulna and turns palm to face posteriority (face backwards)
- Supination= To anatomical position and turns palm to face anteriorly (face forward)
how can the ankle and foot rotate in special ways
- Inversion= Twist sole medially
- Eversion= Twist sole laterally
- Dorsiflexion= Flexion at ankle and raise toes/ elevation of the sole
- Plantar flexion= Extension at ankle and pointing toes/ elevates the heel
how can the thumb move In a special way
Opposition= the movement of the thumb toward the surface of the palm or the pads of the other fingers. Reposition= the movement that returns the thumb and fingers to their original position.
